A naturalistic investigation of eating behavior in bulimia nervosa.

Davis, R. Benjamin; Freeman, Richard J.; Garner, David M.

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.2.273

Cited by 137 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The outcome is consistent with published patient accounts of binge behaviour in bulimia and bulimia nervosa, 7,11 and with a study in a similar patient group. 25 It also concurs with our participants' own self-observations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Negative mood-induced overeating in obese binge eaters: an experimental study

2004

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OBJECTIVES:To test the hypotheses that induction of negative mood in obese binge eaters would increase food intake, and that this would be greatest in those who were highly restrained. DESIGN: Experimental manipulation of mood (neutral vs sad film) prior to the presentation of food in a taste test. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 40 obese female binge eaters (41.7 y, mean BMI ¼ 40.2 kg/m 2 ). MEASURES: Visual analogue assessment of mood and hunger motivation, dietary restraint (Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire), and food intake. RESULTS: Exposure to the sad film resulted in a significant decrease in mood for both restrained and unrestrained participants. Those in the negative mood condition ate significantly more food, and the restrained eaters consumed the most. However, the expected restraint by mood interaction just failed to reach significance (P ¼ 0.06) CONCLUSIONS: The salience of negative mood in promoting overeating was confirmed. Conversely, dietary restraint had no significant impact on food intake. Further experimental work on binge eating in this group would be of value in clarifying the role of dieting and informing treatment approaches.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…6 Patient reports 7,8 and diary records of binge behaviour [9][10][11][12][13] have supported a role for negative emotional state in triggering binges. However, tightly controlled experimental support for this affective regulation of bingeing in the obese is lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative mood-induced overeating in obese binge eaters: an experimental study

2004

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“…Not surprisingly, bulimics took signifIcantly more time to eat than the controls, regardless of the drug. Patients knew that they were subject to possible observation during eating and that they would not be able to purge following the testmeal; this situation may have increased food-related anxiety and avoidance be havior (Katzman and Wolchik 1984;Johnson et al 1986;Davis et al 1988). The effects of the artifIcial nature of this eating paradigm on our results must be ac knowledged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Testmeal Responses Following m-Chlorophenylpiperazine and L-Tryptophan in Bulimics and Controls

Brewerton

Murphy

Jimerson

1994

Neuropsychopharmacol

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A wealth of data support a role for serotonin (5-HT) function in the mediation of satiety responses, that are impaired in patients with bulimia nervosa. Testmeal results are presented in which 26 bulimic patients and 17 normal controls were given in randomized, double-blind-fashion, placebo, and the 5-HT agents m-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP, 0.5 mglkg p.o.) and L-tryptophan (L-TRP, 100 mglkg I. V.). Three and one-half hours after drug administration, subjects were allowed to eat and lib from a standardized testmeal of 3,500 calories, after which postprandial vomiting was not allowed. M-CPP, but not L-TRP, significantly decreased meal size in the combined group, the controls, and to a lesser extent, the bulimics (p � .06). Maximum m-CPP Serotonergic manipulations are known to result in marked changes in feeding behaviors, particularly sati ety responses (Blundell 1977(Blundell , 1984(Blundell , 1986Blundell and Latham, 1978, 1982Latham and Blundell 1979;Samanin et al. 1982;Silverstone and Goodall 1986;Garattini et al., 1988Garattini et al., , 1989, which are dysfunctional in bulimic patients (Owen et al. 1985;Chiodo and Latimer 1986;Kissileff et al. 1986). Pharmacologic en hancement of 5-HT neurotransmission in animals and concentrations were inversely correlated to the number of calories consumed in the total group. Following m-CPP, there were significant decreases in carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake in the total group of subjects. There were also trends for decreased carbohydrate and protein intake in the bulimics following m-CPP. There were trends for both m-CPP and L-TRP to reduce fat intake in the controls. Differences in the effects between m-CPP and L-TRP are likely due to differential involvement of 5-HT receptor subtypes at presynaptic and postsynaptic sites. These studies in humans confirm reports in animals that m-CPP decreases food intake, including carbohydrates, protein, and fat in a mixed testmeal.

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“…Dass über Essanfälle negative Affekte wie Angst, Depressionen oder Stress reduziert werden [z.B. Abraham und Beaumont, 1982;Davis et al, 1988;Lingswhiler et al, 1989] [Johnson und Larson, 1982;MacDiarmid und Heatherington, 1995;Tachi et al, 2001;Frank, 1991;Sanftner und Growther, 1996;Schienle et al, 2003;Schöttke et al, 2006;Burney und Irwin, 1999;McManus und Waller, 1995]. Frank [1991] …”

Section: Hintergrundunclassified

“…Auf der Ebene der negativen Primäraffekte findet sich kein Hinweis auf eine Reduktion des erlebten Ausmaßes der sieben negativen Affekte. Es zeigt sich lediglich eine Zunahme von Schuldgefühlen durch den Essanfall (t = -3,51, df = 49, p < 0,001 Abraham und Beaumont, 1982;Davis et al, 1988;Schöttke et al, 2006, Tachi et al, 2001 [Cochrane et al, 1993;Jimerson et al, 1994;Leon et al, 1995]. Somit bleibt die Erfassung und Abbildung des tatsächlichen affektiven Befindens der BN-Patien-…”

Section: Nach Dem Essanfallunclassified

Der Essanfall: Ursache oder Konsequenz negativer Affekte?

Eversmann¹,

Schöttke²,

Wiedl³

2007

Verhaltenstherapie

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According to empirical literature an increase in shame, guilt, and disgust seems to play an important role in the maintenance of binge eating episodes in bulimic patients. Yet, the extent of these negative affective states compared to those experienced by a control group without eating disorder has not yet been studied. Patients and Methods: 66 female bulimic inpatients and 50 healthy women participated in the study and rated the extent of 10 affective states before and after a ‘typical’ binge eating episode using the German version of the differential emotional scale. Results: Before a typical binge eating episode bulimic patients reported markedly higher levels of negative affects than the healthy controls. Both groups experienced increased feelings of guilt after binge eating, additionally, bulimics reported an increase in disgust and contempt. Discussion: Increased feelings of disgust and contempt after a typical binge eating episode seem to be specific for patients with bulimia nervosa. Results concerning the extent of negative affective states suggest them to be both cause and consequence of binge eating. The results are discussed with regard to current cognitive models of bulimia nervosa.

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A naturalistic investigation of eating behavior in bulimia nervosa.

Cited by 137 publications

References 35 publications

Negative mood-induced overeating in obese binge eaters: an experimental study

Negative mood-induced overeating in obese binge eaters: an experimental study

Testmeal Responses Following m-Chlorophenylpiperazine and L-Tryptophan in Bulimics and Controls

Der Essanfall: Ursache oder Konsequenz negativer Affekte?

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