A Mouse Caries Model and Evaluation of &lt;i&gt;Aqp5–/–&lt;/i&gt; Knockout Mice

Culp, David J.; Quivey, R.Q.; Bowen, William H.; Fallon, Margaret A.; Pearson, S.K.; Faustoferri, Roberta C.

doi:10.1159/000088179

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Ϫ/Ϫ mice in which salivary flow is reduced 60%, smooth surface and sulcal caries were only marginally increased (51 and 26%, respectively) (40). In this study, absence of the predominant gel-forming mucin, Muc19, resulted in markedly greater increases in the incidence of total smooth surface and sulcal caries (116 and 61%, respectively).…”

Section: Muc19 Protects Against S Mutans Colonization and Developmenmentioning

confidence: 43%

“…For this study, we backcrossed Muc19 ϩ/Ϫ mice five times to NFS/NCr mice because this genetic background produces slightly higher smooth surface caries in control mice, thus permitting better delineation of an experimentally induced decrease in caries development (25,40). We examined five mice of each sex and genotype at 7 weeks of age for outward body characteristics and for any obvious differences the size, shape, and color of internal organs.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Muc19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salivary Mucin 19 Glycoproteins

Culp¹,

Robinson²,

Cash³

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background:We investigated murine salivary Muc19, in vivo and in vitro, to protect against dental infections. Results: Muc19 attenuates dental infections by Streptococcus mutans and promotes its aggregation. Evidence for human salivary MUC19 is presented. Conclusion: Murine Muc19 helps limit colonization via clearance of S. mutans. Significance: A role for Muc19 in clearance expands upon acknowledged innate immune functions of salivary gel-forming mucins.

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Section: Muc19 Protects Against S Mutans Colonization and Developmenmentioning

confidence: 43%

Section: Characterization Of the Muc19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Mucin 19 Glycoproteins

Culp¹,

Robinson²,

Cash³

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The Keyes animal model has been modified to meet the requirements of specific experiments in previous studies. For example, it has been modified to study the anticaries properties of fluoride and emodin [Larson, 1981;Culp et al, 2005;Swain and Xue, 2009;Xu et al, 2014]. In this study, it was modified for secondary caries and tested via micro-CT: (1) secondary caries was successfully produced via the modified Keyes animal model (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Novel Anticaries Adhesive in a Secondary Caries Animal Model

et al. 2017

Caries Res

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(1) secondary caries was successfully produced in rats; (2) there was a correlation between the modified Keyes scoring method and micro-CT in the evaluation of the secondary caries; (3) the adhesive containing DMADDM significantly reduced both LD and ML (according to micro-CT), and also lowered the scores (based on the modified Keyes scoring method). This suggests that the novel DMADDM adhesive could perform an anticaries function in vivo via the secondary caries animal model which was also developed and testified in research. Secondary caries is one of the major reasons leading to the failure of caries restoration treatment. As a solution, anticaries adhesives perform well in biofilm inhibition in vitro. However, the lack of secondary caries animal models limits the evaluation of anticaries adhesives in vivo. Secondary caries is one of the main reasons for restoration failure with a heavy economic burden [Sakaguchi, 2005;Kasraei et al., 2017]. While many factors facilitate the development of secondary caries, oral bacteria and acid production are the initiators of dental caries [Mjor Keywords Antibacterial material · Bonding system · Dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate · Keyes animal model · Micro-CT · Tooth restoration AbstractWe investigated the anticaries properties of an adhesive containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) in vivo via a secondary caries animal model. Cavities were prepared in the maxillary first molars of Wistar rats. DMADDM-containing adhesives were applied on one side and commercial adhesives on the opposite side as a control. After a 3-week feeding period to induce secondary caries, the molars were harvested for the evaluation of the secondary caries. Lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were measured via a micro-CT method, and a modified Keyes scoring method yielded scores for the caries lesions. Statistical analysis was divided into 2 parts: a correlation analysis between 2 evaluations with one-way ANOVA and a least-significant differences (LSD) test, and an evaluation of anticaries adhesives with a paired samples t test. The results showed that:

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“…In this regard, there are well-established in vivo models for S. mutans, including rat (Burne et al, 1996;Koo et al, 2005;Yamashita et al, 1993) and transgenic mouse caries models (Burne et al, 1996;Catalán et al, 2011;Culp et al, 2005;Yamashita et al, 1993), as well as rabbit and mouse models of infective endocarditis (Bahn et al, 1978;Paik et al, 2003). In fact, it was the pioneering work conducted in the 1950s and 60s using hamsters and gnotobiotic rats that established S. mutans as the principal aetiological agent of dental caries (Fitzgerald & Keyes, 1960;Orland et al, 1955;Zinner et al, 1965).…”

Section: S Mutans As a Model Organism Of Pathogenic Gram-positive Bamentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus mutans: a new Gram-positive paradigm?

et al. 2013

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Despite the enormous contributions of the bacterial paradigms Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis to basic and applied research, it is well known that no single organism can be a perfect representative of all other species. However, given that some bacteria are difficult, or virtually impossible, to cultivate in the laboratory, that some are recalcitrant to genetic and molecular manipulation, and that others can be extremely dangerous to manipulate, the use of model organisms will continue to play an important role in the development of basic research. In particular, model organisms are very useful for providing a better understanding of the biology of closely related species. Here, we discuss how the lifestyle, the availability of suitable in vitro and in vivo systems, and a thorough understanding of the genetics, biochemistry and physiology of the dental pathogen Streptococcus mutans have greatly advanced our understanding of important areas in the field of bacteriology such as interspecies biofilms, competence development and stress responses. In this article, we provide an argument that places S. mutans, an organism that evolved in close association with the human host, as a novel Gram-positive model organism.Advances in the field of bacteriology have relied strongly on studies involving the bacterial paradigms Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. In both cases, a long history of laboratory research, ease of cultivation and genetic manipulation encouraged and provided the rationale for the emergence of these bacteria as model organisms. E. coli is a Gramnegative, non-sporulating bacterium that can be found freeliving, in water or soil, as well as associated with plants, insects, birds and mammals. It is the most studied prokaryotic organism and comprises a very heterogeneous group containing both pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. In addition to serving as the Gram-negative model organism, laboratory strains of E. coli are extremely versatile and are the quintessential lab workhorses. Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive sporulating organism commonly found in soil, plants and, transiently, on the surface of animals. Strains of B. subtilis are not associated with humans and are not pathogenic, although some closely related Bacillus species such as Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus are implicated in human disease (anthrax) and in food poisoning, respectively. Because the sporulation process occurs in simple well-defined stages, B. subtilis sporulation has served as a paradigm for bacterial development and differentiation studies. Like E. coli, B. subtilis is also easy to cultivate and highly amenable to genetic manipulation. The wealth of information derived from investigations of the biochemistry, physiology, genetics and developmental processes of E. coli and B. subtilis laid the foundation for, and at the same time provided guidance for, studies with other bacterial species. In addition to E. coli and B. subtilis, there are numerous other organisms that have served, in a more limited scope, a...

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A Mouse Caries Model and Evaluation of <i>Aqp5–/–</i> Knockout Mice

Cited by 48 publications

References 59 publications

Salivary Mucin 19 Glycoproteins

Salivary Mucin 19 Glycoproteins

Evaluation of Novel Anticaries Adhesive in a Secondary Caries Animal Model

Streptococcus mutans: a new Gram-positive paradigm?

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