A mm-Wave quadrature VCO based on magnetically coupled resonators

Decanis, Ugo; Ghilioni, Andrea; Monaco, Enrico; Mazzanti, Andrea; Svelto, F.

doi:10.1109/isscc.2011.5746318

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The power discrepancy at higher frequency should be due to the impedance mismatch of the bondwire and PCB traces (consistent with % mismatch in their parasitic capacitances, from simulations). For more accurate measurements of the amplitude imbalance, a better EM model and on-chip downconversion mixer might be added to downconvert the signal to low frequency first, such that the effect of mismatch at the output ports can be minimized [8]. Table I summarizes the results and compares this work with the relevant art using current-reuse and class-C techniques [1], [4], [6], [9].…”

Section: Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 0.07 mm<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{2}$</tex></formula> 2.2 mW 10 GHz Current-Reuse Class-B/C Hybrid VCO Achieving 196-dBc/Hz FoM<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$_{{\rm A}}$</tex> </formula>

Amin

Yin

Mak

et al. 2015

IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett.

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This Letter describes a current-reuse class-B/C hybrid voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with robust startup, enhanced phase noise and differential balancing at small area and power. Specifically, an asymmetrical CMOS class-C core is aided by a symmetrical NMOS-only class-B core that effectively shares the bias current for deeper class-C operation of the former; wider margin of startup against PVT variations, and lower amplitude imbalance against oscillation frequencies. Moreover, this topology adds the freedom of adjustable peak dynamic current and boosts the oscillation swing at low power. The spiral inductors with patterned ground shields shrink the die size. Fabricated in 65 nm CMOS, the 0.07 mm VCO prototype exhibits 10.15-to-11.17 GHz tunability, and -dBc/Hz phase noise at 1 MHz offset, while dissipating merely 2.2 mW at 1.2 V. The achieved area-included figure-of-merit (FoM dBc/Hz) favorably compares with the state-of-the-art.

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Section: Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 0.07 mm<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{2}$</tex></formula> 2.2 mW 10 GHz Current-Reuse Class-B/C Hybrid VCO Achieving 196-dBc/Hz FoM<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$_{{\rm A}}$</tex> </formula>

Amin

Yin

Mak

et al. 2015

IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett.

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“…Note that the transformer coupling coefficient k only appears in Gain CL but not in Gain OL , which allows for more freedom in our approach to optimize both Gain CL and Gain OL . This is one of the key differences between our approach and [5]. In the steady state, g m would decrease to the equivalent transconductance G m , at which Gain OL would equal to 1, and α would decrease a bit because Gain CL decrease more than Gain OL does.…”

Section: ) Strength Of the Coupling Loopmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The ring-structure QVCO was then improved by replacing the capacitive coupled resonators with magnetically coupled resonators to decrease the silicon area and to make it more suitable for millimeter wave in [5]. The ring-structure QVCOs [5], [13] only contain one loop for both the oscillation and the coupling. This means the coupled resonators are not only used for coupling but also as key parts of the ring oscillation loop themselves, which would affect the oscillation loop gain.…”

Section: A Working Mechanism Of the Proposed Qvcomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An injection-locked 60-GHz QVCO with an oscillator source running at 20 GHz was reported in [4], which could reach a PN of −113 dBc/Hz Manuscript at 10-MHz offset. Reference [5] reported a ring-based transformer-coupled 60-GHz QVCO with a PN performance of −117 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset. A diode-connected-transistor coupled 60-GHz QVCO in [6] reached low power and a PN of −115 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Phase-Noise 54-GHz Transformer-Coupled Quadrature VCO and 76-/90-GHz VCOs in 65-nm CMOS

Guo

Gui

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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This paper presents new circuit topologies and design techniques for low-phase-noise (PN) complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) millimeter-wave quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) and VCOs. A transformer-coupled QVCO topology with extra phase shift is proposed to replace the coupling transistors, which eliminates coupling transistors' noise, decouples the tradeoff between PN and phase error, and improves the PN performance. This technique is demonstrated in a millimeter-wave QVCO with a measured PN of −119.2 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset of a 56.2-GHz carrier and a tuning range of 9.1%. In addition, an inductivedivider-feedback technique is proposed in an LC VCO design to improve the transconductance linearity, resulting in a larger signal swing and lower PN compared with the conventional LC VCOs. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated in a 76-and a 90-GHz VCO design, both fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, with an FOM T of 173.6 and 173.1 dBc/Hz, respectively. Index Terms-Oscillator, phase error, phase noise (PN), quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO), transconductance linearization, transformer, VCO. 0018-9480

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“…2 suggest a PN performance of our 60 GHz front-ends which is more than 10 dB worse than a commonly used ADI AD4350 PLL at the 2.4 GHz ISM band. A literature survey reveals that the gap between 60 GHz PLLs and 2.4 GHz PLLs increases even further if we compare against power-efficient 60 GHz PLL designs [4][5] [6] based on a standard CMOS process.…”

Section: A Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation based phase noise compensation in 60 GHz wireless systems

Preyss¹,

Pantic²,

Burg³

2014

2014 IEEE 28th Convention of Electrical &Amp; Electronics Engineers in Israel (IEEEI)

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Abstract-The necessity of phase noise (PN) compensation in future 60 GHz communication systems is shown in this paper. Based on a reference hardware testbed we evaluate the impact of PN on the transmission performance. We show that long data transmissions can only be obtained with PN compensation even for low modulation orders. A low-complexity algorithm for phase noise estimation and compensation based on auto-correlation of pilot words is described. An efficient all-digital architecture for the proposed algorithm is presented.

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A mm-Wave quadrature VCO based on magnetically coupled resonators

Cited by 36 publications

References 6 publications

A 0.07 mm<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{2}$</tex></formula> 2.2 mW 10 GHz Current-Reuse Class-B/C Hybrid VCO Achieving 196-dBc/Hz FoM<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$_{{\rm A}}$</tex> </formula>

A 0.07 mm<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{2}$</tex></formula> 2.2 mW 10 GHz Current-Reuse Class-B/C Hybrid VCO Achieving 196-dBc/Hz FoM<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$_{{\rm A}}$</tex> </formula>

Low-Phase-Noise 54-GHz Transformer-Coupled Quadrature VCO and 76-/90-GHz VCOs in 65-nm CMOS

Correlation based phase noise compensation in 60 GHz wireless systems

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