A methodology to measure innovation in European Union through the national innovation system

Carvalho, Nuno; Carvalho, Luísa Cagica; Nunes, Sandra

doi:10.1504/ijird.2015.069703

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Secondly, participants were asked to highlight collaborations, strengths and weaknesses of the identified stakeholders, qualifying their interactions. This enables studies to unravel physical structures into systemic and dynamic processes, understand practices and behaviours that create change and deliver knowledge in a local and national setting (Carvalho et al 2015). The approach also adapts essential network visualisation techniques (Lamontagne-Godwin et al 2019b;Newcombe 2003) and enables decision makers to gauge a system's capacity to innovate and progress (Samee et al 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing Support Towards Inclusive and Integrated Rural Advisory Systems

Lamontagne‐Godwin

Dorward

Aslam³

et al. 2019

Social Sciences

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Public Rural Advisory Services (RAS) have adapted to different socio-economic scenarios in politically diverse countries with the help of the third sector supporting dedicated RAS programmes. The Plantwise (PW) programme, led by the Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International (CABI) and designed to increase food security in over 30 countries, is a good example of a public/NGO partnership, although recent evaluations have questioned its impacts on gendered agricultural information access. This study aims to investigate Plantwise’s gender impacts from individual and institutional viewpoints, interviewing smallholder farmers and extension staff involved in and outside of, the Plantwise programme in Bahawalpur and Jhang district in the Punjab province of Pakistan. This serves to highlight the programme’s impacts on systemic processes which ultimately have the potential to contribute to gender-transformative change and a more efficient and sustainable RAS. Results show differences between extension workers in a PW district and a non-PW district and between plant doctors and non-plant doctors in a PW district, though none were significant from a gendered perspective. There were interesting findings highlighting the plant clinic’s capacity as an agent of change but the low turnout of women at clinics did not reinforce the clinics’ capacity for change from a female perspective. Information from systemic, male and female-specific analyses are important to consider for PW from a practical perspective, such as the importance of spiritual locations. This study into the Pakistani PW initiative also offers an opportunity to contribute to the growing body of academic literature on the individual and institutional impacts of international development programmes, helping to understand wider aspects of international development involvement in RAS. From a practical perspective, this study also enables PW and other international development initiatives to better understand and interpret stakeholders’ perceptions, highlighting the importance of design and investment in participatory approaches to enable longer term impacts, especially focused on gender. It will also help the PW programme assess and understand implementation challenges in order to attain impact on the ground and be a driver of positive change in the country.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing Support Towards Inclusive and Integrated Rural Advisory Systems

Lamontagne‐Godwin

Dorward

Aslam³

et al. 2019

Social Sciences

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“…The approach firstly attempts to disentangle this network of stakeholders according to their interactions, a concept akin to the Agricultural Innovation System (AIS) (Atari et al 2009;Ingram 2008;Klerkx et al 2006;Manderson et al 2007) that focuses on the interdependence between actors, considered irrelevant if studied individually (Freeman 1987;Lundvall 1992;Nelson and Nelson 2002;Klerkx et al 2010). This enables studies to unravel physical structures into systemic and dynamic processes, understand practices and behaviours that create change, and deliver knowledge in a local and national setting (D'Allura et al 2012;Carvalho et al 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Approach to Understand Rural Advisory Services in a Decentralised Setting

Lamontagne‐Godwin

Dorward

Ali³

et al. 2019

Social Sciences

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As populations increase, so do the challenges in feeding the world. Rural Advisory Services (RAS) contribute positively to food security by ensuring rural populations have access to vital knowledge increasing yields and rural incomes. For historical reasons however, national RAS have often developed into complex networks of stakeholders which can confuse, and even in some cases provide conflicting advice. In order to improve internal and external knowledge of an advisory service, this article investigates the benefits and limitations of an approach that combines qualitative and quantitative stakeholder perception activities at a local and national level. Local and national workshops were held using focus group and open fora techniques in order to portray and visualise a crop health advisory system in Pakistan, a dynamic and complex case study. The approach manages to expose key differences between local and national perceptions of a crop health RAS: whilst both local and national workshop participants decidedly agree on the importance of local (provincial and district level) extension departments, local perceptions clearly identified the strength and value of private sector and community level interactions. At the national workshop, interpretations of ground level activities were vague, yet their mentions of microcredit initiatives, large scale Non-Government Organisation activities and semi-autonomous institutions demonstrate knowledge at a different scale. This approach demonstrates the value of an accessible methodology to measure and understand RAS. Whilst this approach is a key component in assessing the system’s dynamism prior to any future development initiative, it needs to refine its integration of gendered perceptions.

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“…Gastos en I+D como % del PIB, según año y área de conocimiento. podría sustentar la identificación de fortalezas y debilidades (Carvalho et al, 2015). Junto con ello, en las fases iniciales del sistema de innovación, los responsables de definir las políticas públicas tienden a actuar como facilitadores, estimuladores y gestores de redes.…”

Section: Chile Y El Sistema Nacional De Innovaciónunclassified

Sistema Nacional de Innovación: Reflexiones y análisis del caso chileno

Guirriman

Pedraja-Rejas

Ponce

2017

Idesia

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RESUMENEl presente trabajo tiene por finalidad presentar una discusión y reflexión crítica sobre la innovación, para lo que se analizará el Sistema Nacional de Innovación de Chile y el rol de la definición de políticas públicas. Se reflexiona en torno a las definiciones del Sistema Nacional de innovación, se analiza el caso chileno, se consideran los actores involucrados y los recursos destinados y se comparan los gastos destinados a las actividades de investigación y desarrollo. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre la definición de política pública del Sistema Nacional de Innovación y se concluye que es necesario resaltar la importancia que tiene el rol del Estado en la definición de estas políticas y en la asignación de los recursos para una implementación exitosa.Palabras clave: Sistema Nacional de Innovación, innovación, políticas públicas. ABSTRACT This paper aims to present a critical discussion and reflection on innovation, for which the national innovation system of Chile and the role of the definition of public policies will be analyzed. It reflects on the definitions of the national innovation system, analyzes the Chilean case, considers the actors involved and the resources allocated and compare the expenditures for research and development. Finally, it reflects on the definition of public policy of the national innovation system and it is concluded that it is necessary to highlight the importance of the role of the State in the definition of these policies and in the allocation of resources for successful implementation.Key words: National Innovation System, innovation, public policies. IntroducciónEl factor más importante en la sociedad contemporánea, conocida también como sociedad del conocimiento, es el uso intensivo del conocimiento y de las innovaciones tecnológicas y la información en la economía (Gaugas y Tiron, 2017). Es en este contexto, donde la innovación puede ser considerada como una fuerza desequilibrante que a su vez es considerada como un factor estratégico que conduce hacia el desarrollo económico (Saviotti et al., 2014), siendo también un elemento clave para el desarrollo de las sociedades en la actualidad, ya que por medio de la generación e implementación del conocimiento en innovaciones se puede lograr el desarrollo.La innovación, por consiguiente, puede ser percibida como un proceso que forma parte de las capacidades de creación, transmisión y asimilación del conocimiento que es generado producto de la interacción de las organizaciones y de los individuos en diferentes niveles (OCDE, 2009). La innovación, por tanto, puede considerarse como el resultado del encuentro entre las nuevas oportunidades

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A methodology to measure innovation in European Union through the national innovation system

Cited by 23 publications

References 43 publications

Analysing Support Towards Inclusive and Integrated Rural Advisory Systems

Analysing Support Towards Inclusive and Integrated Rural Advisory Systems

An Approach to Understand Rural Advisory Services in a Decentralised Setting

Sistema Nacional de Innovación: Reflexiones y análisis del caso chileno

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