A methane emissions reduction equivalence framework for alternative leak detection and repair programs

Abstract

Fugitive methane emissions from the oil and gas sector are typically addressed through periodic leak detection and repair surveys. These surveys, conducted manually using handheld leak detection technologies, are time-consuming. To improve the speed and cost-effectiveness of leak detection, technology developers are introducing innovative solutions using mobile platforms, close-range portable systems, and permanent installations. Many of these new approaches promise faster, cheaper, or more effective leak detection than conventional methods. However, ensuring mitigation targets are achieved requires demonstrating that alternative approaches are at least as effective in reducing emissions as current approaches – a concept known as emissions reduction equivalence. Here, we propose a five-stage framework for demonstrating equivalence that combines controlled testing, simulation modeling, and field trials. The framework was developed in consultation with operators, regulators, academics, solution providers, consultants, and non-profit groups from Canada and the U.S. We present the equivalence framework and discuss challenges to implementation.

Evaluation of next generation emission measurement technologies under repeatable test protocols

“…Recent work to establish a "pathway to equivalency" has identified a modeling approach to demonstrate equivalent emission reduction potential of programs which use alternative methods for leak detection (Fox et al, 2019b). The modeling approach will rely on a method-specific detection probability curve where the probability of detecting a given leak is a function of the source characteristics (emission rates, gas composition, component type, etc.)…”

“…The variety of source and facility types, the range and temporal variability of emission rates, and the spatial extent of the system make emission detection and measurement challenging and has necessitated the use of many methods in recent studies (Bell et al, 2017; industry. A framework to demonstrate equivalent emissions reduction potential of LDAR programs was recently developed and has received widespread support across stakeholders (Fox et al, 2019b). This framework identified the need for performance testing of technologies under standardized protocols (the focus of this paper), coupled with modeling and field trials to achieve a full approval.…”

Characterizing detection probabilities of advanced mobile leak surveys

“…Similarly, understanding temporal variation and persistence in CH 4 concentrations can inform the timing and repeatability of sampling efforts. Quantifying ALD survey properties improves understanding of the costbenefits and limitations of ALD surveys, which enables comparisons with other technologies (Fox et al, 2019).…”

Field Performance of New Methane Detection Technologies: Results from the Alberta Methane Field Challenge

“…Overall, quantification under in-field conditions is affected by several exogenous factors such as temporal variation in emissions and changing environmental conditions. We recommend that assessment studies of new methane detection technologies at oil and gas facilities include comprehensive, continuous, and redundant emissions measurement.Recently, several new methane emissions detection technologies that promise faster and more cost-effective leak detection than existing approaches have been developed [19]. These technologies include continuous monitoring systems, mobile sensors mounted on drones, trucks, and planes, handheld sensors, and satellite systems [20].…”

“…Recently, several new methane emissions detection technologies that promise faster and more cost-effective leak detection than existing approaches have been developed [19]. These technologies include continuous monitoring systems, mobile sensors mounted on drones, trucks, and planes, handheld sensors, and satellite systems [20].…”