A low power current reused quadrature VCO for biomedical applications

Khan, Tarek; Raahemifar, K.

doi:10.1109/iscas.2009.5117837

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Communication between implanted nodes ( S 1 and S 2 ) or between implanted nodes and on‐body nodes ( S 3 and S 4 ) are analysed. The channel models for in‐body communication employ a channel bandwidth of 300 kHz and operate in the MICS frequency band [31]. The results are obtained with respect to the node transmission power and with the distance of separation between the nodes.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximising energy efficiency for direct communication links in wireless body area networks

Ramgoolam

Bassoo

2019

IET wirel. sens. syst.

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Energy efficiency is a fundamental aspect for wireless body area networks (WBANs) due to the limited battery capacity and miniaturisation of sensor nodes. Prolonging the lifespan of a WBAN depends mostly on maximising the energy efficiency. WBAN systems operate under conflicting requirements of energy and spectrum efficiency. In this study, the two metrics of energy and spectrum efficiency for direct communication links for in-body and on-body sensor nodes are analysed. A general device-to-device communication model was adapted to WBAN. Optimal transmission power values to achieve maximum energy efficiency for in-body and on-body communication links are found. With reference to a maximum power level of 1.5 W compliant with the Federal Communications Commission for WBAN, it is also deduced that for on-body communication, decreasing maximum possible spectrum efficiency by 33% for medical devices operating in 400-450 and 950-956 MHz would improve energy efficiency by 75 times. Moreover, by decreasing spectrum efficiency by 38.3 and 48% leads to an increase in energy efficiency by 45.3 and 39.3 times in 2.4-2.5 and 3.1-10.6 GHz frequency bands, respectively. This tradeoff is significant for medical applications having strict energy requirements.

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Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximising energy efficiency for direct communication links in wireless body area networks

Ramgoolam

Bassoo

2019

IET wirel. sens. syst.

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“…We have used the classic parallel coupling because the required transconductance to start oscillation is lower. Again, it is also possible to stack the two cores and exploit current-reuse techniques [15]. However, because one core uses PMOS transistors, whereas the other is based on NMOS transistors, the structure is asymmetric and, hence, prone to phase errors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐power quadrature generators for body area network applications

Masuch

Delgado‐Restituto

2011

Circuit Theory & Apps

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SUMMARYThis paper presents different alternatives for the implementation of low-power monolithic oscillators for wireless body area networks and describes the design of two quadrature generators operating in the 2.4-GHz frequency range. Both implementations have been designed in a 90-nm Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology and operate at 1 V of supply voltage. The first architecture uses a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) running at twice the desired output frequency followed by a divider-by-2 circuit. It experimentally consumes 335 μW and achieves a phase noise of −110.2 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz. The second architecture is a quadrature VCO that uses reinforced concrete phase shifters in the coupling path for phase noise improvement. Its power consumption is only 210 μW, and it obtains a phase noise of −111.9 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz.

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