A Hybrid Modular Multilevel Voltage Source Converter for HVDC Power Transmission

Feldman, Ralph; Tomasini, Matteo; Amankwah, Emmanuel; Clare, John; Wheeler, Patrick; Trainer, D.R.; Whitehouse, Robert S.

doi:10.1109/tia.2013.2257636

Cited by 142 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In recent years, HVDC transmission systems based on voltage source converter (VSC)s have emerged as a promising technology due to their technical and economic advantages [1][2][3][4][5]. Particularly, VSC appears as a suitable technology for multi-terminal dc (MTDC) systems/grids [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unified reference controller for flexible primary control and inertia sharing in multi‐terminal voltage source converter‐HVDC grids

Rouzbehi

Zhang

Candela

et al. 2017

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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Multi-terminal dc (MTDC) grids are expected to be built and experience rapid expansion in the near future as they have emerged as a competitive solution for transmitting offshore wind generation and overlaying their ac counterpart. The concept of inertia sharing for the control and operation of MTDC grids, which can be achieved by the proposed unified reference controller. The control objectives of the MTDC grids voltage source converter (VSC) stations are no longer limited to the stabilisation of MTDC grid, instead, the requirements of ac side are also met. The interaction dynamics between the ac and dc grid is analysed to illustrate the proposed concept. In addition, the voltage source converter stations can work in different operation modes based on the proposed unified control structure, and can switch among the operation modes smoothly following the secondary control commands. Simulation results exhibit the merits and satisfactory performance of the proposed control strategy for stable MTDC grid operation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unified reference controller for flexible primary control and inertia sharing in multi‐terminal voltage source converter‐HVDC grids

Rouzbehi

Zhang

Candela

et al. 2017

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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“…Modular multilevel voltage source converters (M2LC) are being developed for HVDC and FACTS applications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. These converters are expected to offer significant benefits over classical HVDC technology utilising Line Commutated Converters (LCCs): -improve the quality of the AC current and voltage waveforms while subjecting the semiconductor devices to low stress [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantages of M2LCs make them very attractive for HVDC and FACTs applications; a number of which are currently in operation and many more are planned [10,11]. In the last decade a number of hybrid modular multilevel voltage source converters [4,[6][7][8]12] have been introduced and extensively investigatedall in the attempt to obtain an optimum modular converter topology and make available the advantages of VSCs for HVDC and FACTS applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research into the performance of the converter in a balanced network is presented in [7,[26][27][28][29][30]. The authors of [31] investigated the operation of the converter with a depressed AC voltage by introducing voltage notches in the AC voltages which has an effect on the DC bus voltage similar to the staggered voltage operation of the converter chainlinks in [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Operation of a hybrid modular multilevel converter during grid voltage unbalance

Amankwah

Watson

Clare

2016

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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The recently proposed parallel hybrid modular multilevel converter is considered to be a low loss, low component count converter with soft switching capability of the 'main' H-bridge. The converter has similar advantages to other emerging modular multilevel converter circuits being considered for HVDC power transmission and can be made compact which is desirable for offshore application. However, during ac network unbalance the individual 'chain-links' exchange unequal amounts of power with the grid which requires appropriate remedial action. This paper presents research into the performance of the converter and proposes a suitable control method that enables the converter to operate during grid voltage unbalance. The proposed control concept involves the use of asymmetric third harmonic voltage generation in the 'chain-links' of the converter to redistribute the power exchanged between the individual 'chain-links' and the grid. Mathematical analysis and simulation modelling with results are presented to support the work described.

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“…High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission based on a MMC (modular multilevel converter) has become one of the most attractive VSC-HVDC technologies because of its modularity and scalability [1]- [3]. MMC-HVDC has a lot more advantages than two-level or three-level VSC-HVDCs, such as lower harmonic components at the Alternating Current (AC) side of the converter [4], greater reduction of the switching frequency, fewer losses [5] and operation consistency for the switching devices in series in an arm is not necessary [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hardware-in-the-loop Platform for Modular Multilevel Converter Simulations

Liu¹,

Tian²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

Journal of Power Electronics

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In this paper, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform for MMCs is established, which connects a real time digital simulator (RTDS) and a designed MMC controller with optical fiber. In this platform, the converter valves are simulated with a small time step of 2.5 microsecond in the RTDS, and multicore technology is implemented for the controller so that the parallel valve control is distributed between different cores. Therefore, the designed controller can satisfy the requirements of real-time control. The functions of the designed platform and the rationality for the designed controller are verified through experimental tests. The results show that different modulation modes and various control strategies can be implemented in the simulation platform and that each control objective can been tracked accurately and with a fast dynamic response.

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A Hybrid Modular Multilevel Voltage Source Converter for HVDC Power Transmission

Cited by 142 publications

References 21 publications

Unified reference controller for flexible primary control and inertia sharing in multi‐terminal voltage source converter‐HVDC grids

Unified reference controller for flexible primary control and inertia sharing in multi‐terminal voltage source converter‐HVDC grids

Operation of a hybrid modular multilevel converter during grid voltage unbalance

A Hardware-in-the-loop Platform for Modular Multilevel Converter Simulations

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