Operation of a hybrid modular multilevel converter during grid voltage unbalance

Amankwah, Emmanuel; Watson, Alan J.; Clare, Jon

doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2015.0766

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…21 CB-PWM strategies are generally chosen due to the suitability in MMC-based works, which contains PSC-PWM [89][90][91] and level-shifted PWM (LS-PWM). 92,93 Besides, LS-PWM includes phase disposition PWM (PD-PWM) 94 and phase opposition disposition PWM (POD-PWM), 95…”

Section: Conventional Pwm Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can be categorized as carrier‐based PWM (CB‐PWM), nearest level modulation (NLM), and selective harmonic elimination (SHE), which is rarely preferred . CB‐PWM strategies are generally chosen due to the suitability in MMC‐based works, which contains PSC‐PWM and level‐shifted PWM (LS‐PWM) . Besides, LS‐PWM includes phase disposition PWM (PD‐PWM) and phase opposition disposition PWM (POD‐PWM), as well as alternate phase opposition disposition PWM (APOD‐PWM) .…”

Section: Control Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent contributions and future prospects of the modular multilevel converters: A comprehensive review

Kurtoğlu

Eroğlu

Arslan

et al. 2018

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary The modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are frequently preferred for medium and high power energy conversion systems thanks to their modular structure and high quality output waveform. The remarkable studies related to the MMC have been carried out in recent years, which are mainly focused on its topology, control, or application. In this paper, MMC circuit topologies consisting of traditional submodule cells and new proposed configurations are introduced, and their control process, modulation techniques, and application areas are discussed in order to provide the readers the current state of the art of MMC technology. A wide part of this article is devoted to demonstrate the recent contributions arising in MMC studies. In this context, this paper not only outlines the circuit topology, control objectives, and applications of the MMC but also presents a comprehensive review, principally in terms of the latest developments of it. Ultimately, detailed proposals and new possible topics are provided to drive future expectations of MMC technology.

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Section: Conventional Pwm Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Control Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent contributions and future prospects of the modular multilevel converters: A comprehensive review

Kurtoğlu

Eroğlu

Arslan

et al. 2018

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A VSC-PFC rectifier subjected to unbalanced grid voltages leads to undesired operating conditions for the grid, the converter itself and the associated load [10]. In the actual open literature, several control schemes have been presented aiming at the VSC-PFC rectifiers to deal with unbalanced conditions [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. However, most of these proposals are variants of same control schemes based on the traditional dq0 technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, in these proposals underlies the problem of inadequate control behaviour while operating in unbalanced voltage conditions, as it will be demonstrated in this work. Table 1 shows the most valuable characteristics of various controls schemes proposed for VSC-PFC rectifiers to deal with unbalanced voltage conditions [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New phasorial oriented single‐PI loop control for industrial VSC‐PFC rectifiers operating under unbalanced conditions

Santoyo-Anaya

Salgado-Herrera

Rodriguez-Rodrıguez³

et al. 2020

IET Power Electronics

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Due to several reasons, the three-phase voltages of power grids cannot be balanced. The performance of AC-DC converters using dq0-based controls can be severely affected by the presence of unbalanced input AC voltages. Different to these proposals, this study presents a new easy-to-implement control scheme based on a single PI loop algorithm for VSC-PFC rectifiers using a phasorial approach. This new scheme has various significant advantages: (i) fast counteracting of large unbalanced voltage and current conditions; (ii) power factor = 1 at any unbalanced sag operating conditions; (iii) negligible current harmonic distortion and (iv) low-ripple DC voltage. All these features are concurrently obtained. The proposed single-PI loop VSC-PFC rectifier control strategy is theoretically and experimentally validated. A revision of the main results and characteristics of various proposed techniques that are similar to the one proposed in this study is also carried out, qualitatively indicating the main advantages featured by the proposed control strategy for VSC-PFC rectifiers.

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State-of-Charge Balancing Control for ON/OFF-Line Internal Cells Using Hybrid Modular Multi-Level Converter and Parallel Modular Dual L-Bridge in a Grid-Scale Battery Energy Storage System

et al. 2019

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Cell state-of-charge (SoC) balancing within a battery energy-storage system (BESS) is the key to optimizing capacity utilization of a BESS. Many cell SoC balancing strategies have been proposed; however, control complexity and slow SoC convergence remain as key issues. This paper presents two strategies to achieve SoC balancing among cells: main balancing strategy (MBS) using a cascaded hybrid modular multi-level converter (CHMMC) and a supplementary balancing strategy (SBS) using a cascaded parallel modular dual L-bridge (CPMDLB). The control and monitoring of individual cells with a reduction in the component count and the losses of BESS are achieved by integrating each individual cell into an L-bridge instead of an H-bridge. The simulation results demonstrate a satisfactory performance of the proposed SoC balancing strategy. In this result, SoC balancing convergence point for the cells/modules is achieved at 1000 min when cell-prioritized MBS-CHMMC works without SBS-CPMDLB and at 216.7 min when CPMBS-CHMMC works together with SBS-CPMDLB and when the duration required reduces by 78.33 %. Similarly, a substantial improvement in SoC balancing convergence point for the cells/modules is achieved when module-prioritized MBS-CHMMC works together with SBS-CPMDLB; the duration needed to reach the SoC balancing convergence point for the cells/modules is achieved after 333.3 and 183.3 min. INDEX TERMSCell balancing, half-bridge multi-level converter, hybrid multi-level converter, lithium-ion battery (Li-ion), state-of-charge (SoC).

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Operation of a hybrid modular multilevel converter during grid voltage unbalance

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Recent contributions and future prospects of the modular multilevel converters: A comprehensive review

Recent contributions and future prospects of the modular multilevel converters: A comprehensive review

New phasorial oriented single‐PI loop control for industrial VSC‐PFC rectifiers operating under unbalanced conditions

State-of-Charge Balancing Control for ON/OFF-Line Internal Cells Using Hybrid Modular Multi-Level Converter and Parallel Modular Dual L-Bridge in a Grid-Scale Battery Energy Storage System

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