A historical review of vertical axis wind turbines rated 100 kW and above

Möllerström, Erik; Gipe, P.; Beurskens, Jos; Ottermo, Fredric

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2018.12.022

Cited by 114 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…According to the Renewables 2019 Global Status Report [1], in the whole year of 2018, the installed capacity of wind power in the world exceeded 51 gigawatt (GW), with a growth rate of 9%, and the total capacity reached to 591 GW. At present, the traditional horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) is more popular in the wind energy market due to its advanced development and high efficiency [2]. However, HAWT has difficultly achieving larger sizes because of the limitation of blade length and strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Blade Tip Shape for Improving VAWT Performance

Jiang

Zhao

et al. 2020

JMSE

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Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is a competitive power generation device due to structural simplicity, wind direction independence, no yaw mechanism required, easier maintenance, and lower noise emission. However, blade tip vortex will be generated at both ends of the blade during the rotation, resulting in torque loss and efficiency reduction. In this paper, computational fluid dynamics is used to study blade tip vortex and its reduction technique of a single-blade VAWT rotor in real scale. By monitoring the force and flow field at different heights of the blade, the influence ranges of tip vortex are obtained. The reduction effect of the bulkhead obtained from the blade profile curve is studied, and the size of the bulkhead is optimized. On the basis of adding the optimal bulkhead, the influence of the supporting strut is also explored. The joint action is obtained by changing the location of the supporting strut. The results show that the top supporting strut-bulkhead structure is the optimal position. The power-extraction efficiency of the rotor with this integrated structure is significantly improved at optimal tip speed ratios (TSRs) and higher TSRs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Blade Tip Shape for Improving VAWT Performance

Jiang

Zhao

et al. 2020

JMSE

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“…Researchers at Uppsala University developed a direct-drive, variable-speed, multi-pole, synchronous permanent magnet (PM) generator, which they used on several small three-bladed experimental vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) [48,49]. The concept was upscaled by Vertical Wind AB, a spinoff from the university's VAWT research, which started in 2002, and installed a 200-kW prototype near Falkenberg in 2010 that is still operational (see Figure 4).…”

Section: Vertical Windmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind Turbines from the Swedish Wind Energy Program and the Subsequent Commercialization Attempts—A Historical Review

Möllerström

2019

Energies

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This paper summarizes wind turbines of Swedish origin, 50 kW and above. Both the large governmental-funded prototypes from the early 1980s and following attempts to build commercial turbines are covered. After the 1973 oil crisis, a development program for wind turbine technology was initiated in Sweden, culminating in the early 1980s with the 2 and 3-MW machines at Maglarp and Näsudden. However, government interest declined, and Sweden soon lost its position as one of the leading countries regarding wind turbine development. Nevertheless, several attempts to build commercial wind turbines in Sweden were made in the following decades. Most attempts have, like the earlier prototypes, used a two-bladed rotor, which has become synonymous with the Swedish wind turbine development line. The current ongoing Swedish endeavors primarily focus on the niche-concept of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), which is a demonstration of how far from the broad commercial market of Sweden has moved. Thus far, none of the Swedish attempts have been commercially successful, and unlike countries like Denmark or Germany, Sweden currently has no large wind turbine producer. Suggested reasons include early government interventions focusing on two-bladed prototypes and political disinterest, with wind power grants cut in half by 1985, and the domestic industry not being favored in government policies for deploying wind power.

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“…Later, the rotor was redesigned by CWT Power with four blades using the lattice frame that was used instead of the torque tube with lattice masts. Ten of such turbines are installed in Alberta, Canada and two crashed to the ground due to the resonance of the lattice frame and metallurgical failures ending the Adecon development of VAWTs [33], as shown in Figure 5a [35]. Photo by Paul Gipe.…”

Section: Adecon Vawt Power and Vestas Vawtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Evolution of Darrieus Vertical Axis Wind Turbine: Large Wind Turbines

et al. 2019

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The objective of the current review is to present the development of a large vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) since its naissance to its current applications. The turbines are critically reviewed in terms of performance, blade configuration, tower design, and mode of failure. The early VAWTs mostly failed due to metal fatigue since the composites were not developed. Revisiting those configurations could yield insight into the future development of VAWT. The challenges faced by horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT), especially in the megawatt capacity, renewed interest in large scale VAWT. VAWT provides a solution for some of the immediate challenges faced by HAWT in the offshore environment in terms of reliability, maintenance, and cost. The current rate of research and development on VAWT could lead to potential and economical alternatives for HAWT. The current summary on VAWT is envisioned to be an information hub about the growth of the Darrieus turbine from the kW capacity to megawatt scale. turbine to avert the wind load [2] has opened up new areas of application. Innovative turbines are continuing to emerge to address the shortcomings of the original Darrieus design [3,4]. Tailored airfoils are developed for the Darrieus rotor to enhance self-starting capability [5][6][7][8]. Various mathematical models [3,7] are developed to assess the rotor performance. Computational simulation is extensively used to optimise the Darrieus turbine and serves as an alternative for costly prototyping [9]. The evolution of small VAWTs with the capacity of less than 50 kW are reviewed by the author in previous work [10]. This review has been categorised based on the timeline of development. The turbines are examined on their configuration, type of support, specifications, the reason for failure, and current status. The current study is a knowledge hub on past projects that yields valuable information on the failure to develop efficient and cost-effective VAWTs. Though the paper aims to cover most of the turbines that were developed in the past and current ongoing projects, there may be missing projects of which the author is unaware.

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A historical review of vertical axis wind turbines rated 100 kW and above

Cited by 114 publications

References 19 publications

Investigation of Blade Tip Shape for Improving VAWT Performance

Investigation of Blade Tip Shape for Improving VAWT Performance

Wind Turbines from the Swedish Wind Energy Program and the Subsequent Commercialization Attempts—A Historical Review

Review on the Evolution of Darrieus Vertical Axis Wind Turbine: Large Wind Turbines

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