2018
DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2018.2840678
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A Handheld, Colorimetric Optoelectronic Dynamics Analyzer for Measuring Total Ammonia of Biological Samples

Abstract: This paper introduces a wireless, solid-state, portable, and automated device capable of measuring the total ammonia [ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4+)] levels of fluids, including biological samples. This device reliably measures the total ammonia of biological samples (e.g., urine) faster than the current ammonia quantification techniques. Medical professionals typically estimate NH4+ levels using error-prone indirect measurement techniques (i.e., urine anion gap), which are time-consuming and are seldom sui… Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…Both ammonium and sulphate (or S) determinations are uncommon. Urinary ammonium can be measured by enzymatic methods using automated systems [ 81 , 82 ], and the potential exists to use electronic methods [ 83 , 84 ]. For sulphate, either precipitation with barium chloride or chromatographic methods is successful [ 85 ].…”
Section: Q9 What Are the Best Methods For Analysing Urine For The Anmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both ammonium and sulphate (or S) determinations are uncommon. Urinary ammonium can be measured by enzymatic methods using automated systems [ 81 , 82 ], and the potential exists to use electronic methods [ 83 , 84 ]. For sulphate, either precipitation with barium chloride or chromatographic methods is successful [ 85 ].…”
Section: Q9 What Are the Best Methods For Analysing Urine For The Anmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The accessary can also be used to detect biomarkers in biological samples. Abnormal urine ammonium (NH 4 + ) levels are most often caused by kidney and liver diseases 34 , and thus monitoring urine NH 4 + could enable early diagnosis and management of diseases. NH 4 + ions in liquid are volatile and rapidly turn into NH 3 .…”
Section: Integration With Mobile Electronicsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To detect this change in color, three basic components are needed: a light source, the chemochromic substance, and the light sensor. Liu et al [43] has developed a solid-state, portable, and automated device capable to measure total ammonia amount in liquids, including the biological samples (e.g., urine). The idea of operation of the colorimetric sensor is shown in Figure 2.…”
Section: Solid-state Ammonia Sensorsmentioning
confidence: 99%