Ammonia Gas Sensors: Comparison of Solid-State and Optical Methods

Bielecki, Z.; Stacewicz, T.; Smulko, Janusz; Wojtas, J.

doi:10.3390/app10155111

Cited by 58 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Fig.2b-i reveals two linear regions, one between 0 and 50 ppmv and another linearity between 50 and 100 ppmv. The two linear capacitive response domains likely correspond to different mechanisms of ammonia adsorption onto the C-dot-IDE surface; indeed, distinct NH 3 concentrationdependent surface-adsorption regimes have been reported, indicating NH 3 monolayer formation in low concentrations, multilayer assembly in higher ammonia concentrations[34][35][36]. In the case of exposure of the red C-dot-IDE sensor to DMF, a single linear dependence was apparent (Fig.2b-ii) likely reflecting a single adsorption process of the DMF molecules.…”

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confidence: 93%

Sniffing Bacteria with a Carbon-Dot Artificial Nose

et al. 2021

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Highlights Novel artificial nose based upon electrode-deposited carbon dots (C-dots). Significant selectivity and sensitivity determined by “polarity matching” between the C-dots and gas molecules. The C-dot artificial nose facilitates, for the first time, real-time, continuous monitoring of bacterial proliferation and discrimination among bacterial species, both between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and between specific strains. Machine learning algorithm furnishes excellent predictability both in the case of individual gases and for complex gas mixtures. Abstract Continuous, real-time monitoring and identification of bacteria through detection of microbially emitted volatile molecules are highly sought albeit elusive goals. We introduce an artificial nose for sensing and distinguishing vapor molecules, based upon recording the capacitance of interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) coated with carbon dots (C-dots) exhibiting different polarities. Exposure of the C-dot-IDEs to volatile molecules induced rapid capacitance changes that were intimately dependent upon the polarities of both gas molecules and the electrode-deposited C-dots. We deciphered the mechanism of capacitance transformations, specifically substitution of electrode-adsorbed water by gas molecules, with concomitant changes in capacitance related to both the polarity and dielectric constants of the vapor molecules tested. The C-dot-IDE gas sensor exhibited excellent selectivity, aided by application of machine learning algorithms. The capacitive C-dot-IDE sensor was employed to continuously monitor microbial proliferation, discriminating among bacteria through detection of distinctive “volatile compound fingerprint” for each bacterial species. The C-dot-IDE platform is robust, reusable, readily assembled from inexpensive building blocks and constitutes a versatile and powerful vehicle for gas sensing in general, bacterial monitoring in particular.

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confidence: 93%

Sniffing Bacteria with a Carbon-Dot Artificial Nose

et al. 2021

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“…The synergistic effect of the conducting polymer/graphene is highly significant towards enhancing the sensor performance. Conducting polymers include polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline (PANI), polythiophene (PTh), poly (butyl acrylate) (PBuA), and poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) [ 110 ]. Hereafter, we mainly review the graphene sensors functionalized by PPy and PANI, which are frequently used due to their excellent performance, i.e., inherent flexibility, low preparation cost, simple deposition process, environmental stability, operation at room temperature, and easy compatibility with other technologies (such as CMOS) [ 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 ].…”

Section: Functionalized Graphene Nh 3 Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Functionalized Graphene Sensors for Detection of Ammonia

Tang

Debliquy

Lahem

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Since the first graphene gas sensor has been reported, functionalized graphene gas sensors have already attracted a lot of research interest due to their potential for high sensitivity, great selectivity, and fast detection of various gases. In this paper, we summarize the recent development and progression of functionalized graphene sensors for ammonia (NH3) detection at room temperature. We review graphene gas sensors functionalized by different materials, including metallic nanoparticles, metal oxides, organic molecules, and conducting polymers. The various sensing mechanism of functionalized graphene gas sensors are explained and compared. Meanwhile, some existing challenges that may hinder the sensor mass production are discussed and several related solutions are proposed. Possible opportunities and perspective applications of the graphene NH3 sensors are also presented.

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“…Based on the above, it is clear that a need for developing a sensitive, selective, and affordable (low-cost) ammonia sensing technology has risen, which would be convenient for routine sampling and detection of ammonia gas, as well as the eventual continuous monitoring of ammonia emissions [ 282 , 283 , 284 , 285 ].…”

Section: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A plethora of sensing methods for NH 3 detection have been developed, but not all have been implemented in a commercially available device. The NH 3 -sensing methods are classified into three major categories—solid-state sensing methods (metal oxide-based sensors, and conducting polymer sensors), optical methods (optical sensors utilizing tunable diode laser spectroscopy), and other methods (electrochemical sensors, surface acoustic wave sensors, and field-effect transistor sensors) [ 283 , 285 ]. In addition, different sensors for dissolved ammonia detection are available on the market [ 284 ].…”

Section: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivating Multidisciplinarity: Manufacturing and Sensing Challenges in Cultured Meat Production

Djisalov

Knežić

Podunavac

et al. 2021

Biology

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Meat cultivation via cellular agriculture holds great promise as a method for future food production. In theory, it is an ideal way of meat production, humane to the animals and sustainable for the environment, while keeping the same taste and nutritional values as traditional meat and having additional benefits such as controlled fat content and absence of antibiotics and hormones used in the traditional meat industry. However, in practice, there is still a number of challenges, such as those associated with the upscale of cultured meat (CM). CM food safety monitoring is a necessary factor when envisioning both the regulatory compliance and consumer acceptance. To achieve this, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary. This includes extensive development of the sensitive and specific analytical devices i.e., sensors to enable reliable food safety monitoring throughout the whole future food supply chain. In addition, advanced monitoring options can help in the further optimization of the meat cultivation which may reduce the currently still high costs of production. This review presents an overview of the sensor monitoring options for the most relevant parameters of importance for meat cultivation. Examples of the various types of sensors that can potentially be used in CM production are provided and the options for their integration into bioreactors, as well as suggestions on further improvements and more advanced integration approaches. In favor of the multidisciplinary approach, we also include an overview of the bioreactor types, scaffolding options as well as imaging techniques relevant for CM research. Furthermore, we briefly present the current status of the CM research and related regulation, societal aspects and challenges to its upscaling and commercialization.

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Ammonia Gas Sensors: Comparison of Solid-State and Optical Methods

Cited by 58 publications

References 77 publications

Sniffing Bacteria with a Carbon-Dot Artificial Nose

Sniffing Bacteria with a Carbon-Dot Artificial Nose

A Review on Functionalized Graphene Sensors for Detection of Ammonia

Cultivating Multidisciplinarity: Manufacturing and Sensing Challenges in Cultured Meat Production

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