A gut-specific chitinase gene essential for regulation of chitin content of peritrophic matrix and growth of Ostrinia nubilalis larvae

Khajuria, Chitvan; Buschman, Lawrent L.; Chen, Ming‐Shun; Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam; Zhu, Kun Yan

doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2010.06.003

Cited by 106 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Chitin is an insoluble structural polysaccharide that is important as a supporting element in arthropod exoskeleton (Neville et al, 1976), fungal and bacterial cell walls (Debono and Gordee, 1994;Gomaa, 2012), microfilaria sheath (Araujo et al, 1993) and the lining of the digestive tracts of many arthropods (Souza-Neto et al, 2003;Zimoch et al, 2005;Khajuria et al, 2010). Arthropod development and morphogenesis rely on remodeling chitin and in the process requires chitin synthases and chitinases to control this process (Merzendorfer and Zimoch, 2003).…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Dual silencing of long and short Amblyomma americanum acidic chitinase forms weakens the tick cement cone stability

Kim

Curran

Mulenga

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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This study demonstrates that Amblyomma americanum (Aam) constitutively and ubiquitously expresses the long (L) and short (S) putative acidic chitinases (Ach) that are distinguished by a 210 base pair (bp) deletion in AamAch-S. Full-length AamAch-L and AamAch-S cDNA are 1959 and 1718 bp long, containing 1332 and 1104 bp open reading frames that code for 443 and 367 amino acid residues proteins with the former predicted to be extracellular and the latter intracellular. Both AamAch-L and AamAch-S mRNA are expressed in multiple organs as revealed by qualitative RT-PCR analysis. Furthermore, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that AamAch-L mRNA was downregulated in the mid-gut, but was unchanged in the salivary gland and in other organs in response to feeding. Of significant interest, AamAch-L and/or AamAch-S functions are probably associated with formation and/or maintenance of stability of A. americanum tick cement cone. Dual RNA interference silencing of AamAch-L and/or AamAch-S mRNA caused ticks to loosely attach onto host skin as suggested by bleeding around tick mouthparts and ticks detaching off host skin with a light touch. AamAch-L may apparently encode an inactive chitinase as indicated by Pichia pastoris-expressed recombinant AamAch-L failing to hydrolyse chitinase substrates. Unpublished related work in our laboratory, and published work by others that found AamAch-L in tick saliva, suggest that native AamAch-L is a non-specific immunoglobulin binding tick saliva protein in that rAamAch-L nonspecifically bound rabbit, bovine and chicken non-immune sera. We discuss findings in this study with reference to advancing knowledge on tick feeding physiology.

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Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Dual silencing of long and short Amblyomma americanum acidic chitinase forms weakens the tick cement cone stability

Kim

Curran

Mulenga

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…In insects, chitin functions as a scaffold material supporting the cuticle which is an essential structure of the integument and plays important roles in the formation of the body shape, waterproofing and means of locomotion (Kramer and Koga, 1986). In addition, chitin is an important structural component lining the foregut, hindgut, trachea, and peritrophic matrix (PM) (Merzendorfer and Zimoch, 2003;Khajuria et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing of two alternative splicing-derived mRNA variants of chitin synthase 1 gene by RNAi is lethal to the oriental migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen)

Zhang

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2010

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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124

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“…It has been suggested that insect chitinases may have multiple functions including defense, digestion and molting (Shen and Jacobs-Lorena, 1997;Filho et al, 2002;Zheng et al, 2002;Genta et al, 2006;Zhu et al, 2008b). Indeed, a chitinase expressed in the gut of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) has been identified and it has been proposed that this enzyme is responsible for regulation of chitin content of PM and growth of O. nubilalis larvae (Khajuria et al, 2010). A chitinase was also purified from the venom gland of an endoparasitic wasp Chelonus sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of a novel chitinase-like gene cluster (AgCht5) possibly derived from tandem duplications in the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae

Zhang

Arakane

et al. 2011

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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A gut-specific chitinase gene essential for regulation of chitin content of peritrophic matrix and growth of Ostrinia nubilalis larvae

Cited by 106 publications

References 47 publications

Dual silencing of long and short Amblyomma americanum acidic chitinase forms weakens the tick cement cone stability

Dual silencing of long and short Amblyomma americanum acidic chitinase forms weakens the tick cement cone stability

Silencing of two alternative splicing-derived mRNA variants of chitin synthase 1 gene by RNAi is lethal to the oriental migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen)

Identification and characterization of a novel chitinase-like gene cluster (AgCht5) possibly derived from tandem duplications in the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae

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