A “Great Divergence” in Fertility?

Billari, Francesco C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64061-7_2

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Childcare is related to a substantial loss in income, reduced returns from education, a general reduction in human capital, increased housework [ 26 ] and economic strain [ 14 , 27 ]. Yet, a number of studies have found that children are associated with a more fulfilling and happier life [ 28 – 31 ], which by extension may improve overall health [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants and impact of role-related time use allocation on self-reported health among married men and women: a cross-national comparative study

et al. 2020

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Background Research on the effects of marriage on health maintains that there is a gender-specific gradient, with men deriving far greater benefits than women. One reason provided for this difference is the disproportionate amount of time spent by women on housework and childcare. However, this hypothesis has yet to be explicitly tested for these role-related time use activities. This study provides empirical evidence on the association between role-related time use activities (i.e. housework, childcare and paid work) and self-reported health among married men and women. Methods Data from the Multinational Time Use Study (MTUS) on 32,881 men and 26,915 women from Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK and the US were analyzed. Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) models and multivariable logistic regression were used to estimate the association between role-related time use activities and self-reported health among married men and women. Results The findings showed that education, occupation and number of children under 18 years old in the household were the most consistent predictors of time allocation among married men and women. Significant gender differences were also found in time allocation, with women sacrificing paid working time or reducing time devoted to housework for childcare. Men, in contrast, were less likely to reduce paid working hours to increase time spent on childcare, but instead reduced time allocation to housework. Allocating more time to paid work and childcare was associated with good health, whereas time spent on housework was associated with poor health, especially among women. Conclusions Time allocation to role-related activities have differential associations on health, and the effects vary by gender and across countries. To reduce the gender health gap among married men and women, public policies need to take social and gender roles into account.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants and impact of role-related time use allocation on self-reported health among married men and women: a cross-national comparative study

et al. 2020

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“…Myrskylä et al (2013) have shown by the use of a new method of constructing cohort fertility rates that by and large, for most countries, the cohort rate is higher than the period rate, suggesting that earlier pessimistic views about a fertility 'crisis' or 'trap' (Lutz et al 2006) were based on giving too much weight to period TFRs. The uncertainty in making judgements on fertility is also increased by the presence of economic crises, which are likely to depress fertility (Goldstein et al 2013;Schneider 2015), via structural developments in the labour market, such as the shift to more short-term contracts (Billari 2018;Seltzer 2019) and by issues related to sexual equity within households and society (McDonald 2013; Anderson and Kohler 2015). It may perhaps be summed up by the down-to-earth judgement of Morgan (2003), who considers the state of societies that display low fertility on a decadal time scale: 'For such countries, there is likely to be much more wrong that low fertility' (p. 600).…”

Section: Low-fertility Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When is fertility too low or too high? Population policy preferences of demographers around the world

Dalen

Henkens

2020

Population Studies

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When does fertility in a country become so low or so high that a government needs to intervene? This paper sheds light on this population policy question, based on a worldwide survey among demographers. We examine how professionals' policy preferences regarding fertility levels are affected by their views on the impacts of population growth/decline and by fertility in their country of residence. The median respondent suggests intervention once fertility goes below 1.4 children or above 3.0. Three results stand out: first, demographers who are concerned about the carrying capacity of the earth are more willing to intervene than those who are less concerned. Second, the context of decision-making matters: experts living in high-fertility countries are more set on intervention than those living in low-fertility countries, but their threshold fertility level is also higher. Third, political orientation matters: right-leaning demographers are more set on government intervention than left-leaning demographers.

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“…Dorius (2008) utiliza varias medidas para evaluar la evolución de la desigualdad de la fecundidad a nivel internacional en el período de la posguerra y demuestra que la única evidencia estadística clara de convergencia se encuentra después de 1990. Algunos estudiosos contemporáneos aún apoyan la idea de una convergencia de la fecundidad posterior a la transición cerca del nivel de reemplazo (véase un análisis de esos argumentos en Billari, 2018). El propio Billari (2018) argumenta a favor de una brecha en los niveles de fecundidad entre las sociedades avanzadas, con un grupo de países que oscilan hacia el nivel de reemplazo y otro grupo con una fecundidad más cercana a un hijo por persona, lo que daría lugar a una "gran divergencia" en materia de fecundidad.…”

Section: B Convergencia Y Divergencia De La Fecundidadunclassified

Teorías y medidas de convergencia demográfica: una aplicación a nivel subnacional en América Latina

Borges¹

2019

Notas De Población

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El número 106 de Notas de Población está conformado por 10 artículos, en cuya elaboración han participado 21 colaboradores, lo que denota el gran interés de las y los investigadores por contribuir a esta edición de la revista. Los artículos abordan, como es habitual, diversos temas de investigación, esta vez relacionados con la mortalidad, el transnacionalismo migratorio y la fecundidad de las migrantes, así como la fecundidad adolescente, el femicidio, la migración de retorno, la segregación en el espacio urbano y el dividendo demográfico. En suma, temas relevantes para los estudios de población y las políticas públicas.

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A “Great Divergence” in Fertility?

Cited by 18 publications

References 72 publications

Determinants and impact of role-related time use allocation on self-reported health among married men and women: a cross-national comparative study

Determinants and impact of role-related time use allocation on self-reported health among married men and women: a cross-national comparative study

When is fertility too low or too high? Population policy preferences of demographers around the world

Teorías y medidas de convergencia demográfica: una aplicación a nivel subnacional en América Latina

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