A geometric approach for filament winding pattern generation and study of the influence of the slippage coefficient

Abstract

A special feature of the Filament Winding (FW) process is known as pattern: diamond-shaped mosaic that results from the sequence of movements of the mandrel and tow delivery eye. One of the main factors to generate different patterns is the return path of the tow and, for a non-geodesic trajectory, the path depends on the friction between tow and mandrel. Aiming at a practical description of the FW process, a novel geometric approach on pattern construction is presented. Pattern generation, skip configurations and definitions of geodesic and non-geodesic trajectories in regular winding and return regions are described based on developed surfaces, residue classes and modular arithmetic. The influence of mandrel's length, mandrel's rotation angle and variation of the winding angle in the return region are presented, for they are important parameters of the process. Examples of winding angle, mandrel rotation and non-geodesic path in cylindrical and non-cylindrical surfaces of revolution are shown and discussed.

Optimum slippage dependent, non-geodesic fiber path determination for a filament wound composite nozzle

“…These very small angles at the end of the mandrel have a detrimental effect on the mechanical behaviour of the nozzle since the fibers are aligned away from the resultant force direction. Moreover, from a manufacturing point of view, a small angle close to the end of the component drastically increases the required mandrel size for the return region (Dalibor et al, 2019). Consequently, only trajectories obtained with λ > 0 are further discussed below.…”

The role of winding pattern on filament wound composite cylinders under radial compression

“…Filament winding (FW) is one of the most suitable manufacturing processes for closed cylindrical structures since continuous fiber tows are deposited onto a rotating mandrel, 1,2 being commonly used for the production of pipes, tubes, shafts, pressure vessels, among others 3,4,5 . The process allows high precision in fiber positioning, high fiber volume fraction and low void content 6,7 .…”

“…The process allows high precision in fiber positioning, high fiber volume fraction and low void content 6,7 . Moreover, based on the winding angle and the superposition of layers, the designer controls thickness, strength and stiffness of the structure 3 …”

“…Locally, these laminate configurations ‐ anti‐symmetric ‐ may change the stress distribution, which may also modify the mechanical behavior of the component. The number of tows required for a particular degree of coverage as well as the possible patterns that can be constructed are defined by solving a diophantine‐like equation 3,4,13 . And, by setting the winding angle and the cylinder radius, for instance, one may achieve different degrees of coverage since a variable number of tows are required to produce a particular pattern.…”

Influence of mosaic pattern on hygrothermally-aged filament wound composite cylinders under axial compression

“…unit cell), and within each unit cell one can distinguish two sections, each comprising half of the diamond and having unidirectional off-axis oriented filaments. 9 Between these two sections, there is a wavy zone where the rovings cross themselves. The size and arrangement of the unit cells constitute the FW pattern (WP), which can be identified by an X=Y relationship, meaning that there are X diamonds around Y circles.…”