A genetics‐based Universal Community Transfer Function for predicting the impacts of climate change on future communities

Ikeda, Dana H.; Bothwell, Helen M.; Lau, Matthew K.; O’Neill, Gregory A.; Grady, Kevin C.; Whitham, Thomas G.

doi:10.1111/1365-2435.12151

Cited by 28 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Natural plant populations evolve in complex environments shaped by both abiotic and biotic factors. Plant adaptation to stressful abiotic conditions is one of the primary mechanisms of persistence on the landscape (Davis, Shaw, & Etterson, ; Gitlin et al, ; Ikeda et al, ). Modern plant distributions inherently include genetic differentiation in plant functional traits shaped by geographic structure, gene flow, demographic processes, and ecological interactions through time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate‐driven reduction of genetic variation in plant phenology alters soil communities and nutrient pools

Ware

Nuland

Schweitzer

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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We examined the hypothesis that climate‐driven evolution of plant traits will influence associated soil microbiomes and ecosystem function across the landscape. Using a foundation tree species, Populus angustifolia, observational and common garden approaches, and a base population genetic collection that spans 17 river systems in the western United States, from AZ to MT, we show that (a) as mean annual temperature (MAT) increases, genetic and phenotypic variation for bud break phenology decline; (b) soil microbiomes, soil nitrogen (N), and soil carbon (C) vary in response to MAT and conditioning by trees; and (c) with losses of genetic variation due to warming, population‐level regulation of community and ecosystem functions strengthen. These results demonstrate a relationship between the potential evolutionary response of populations and subsequent shifts in ecosystem function along a large temperature gradient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate‐driven reduction of genetic variation in plant phenology alters soil communities and nutrient pools

Ware

Nuland

Schweitzer

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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“…Because plant productivity has a strong genetic component that differs greatly among populations (O'Neill et al 2008), models incorporating population variation in productivity are more accurate in predicating the response of plant population responses to climate change (Wang et al 2010) as well as the responses of their arthropod and mycorrhizal communities (Ikeda et al 2014), than models that do not include genetically-based functional traits. Because productivity and C allocation have clear implications for soil function, coupling the above models to better incorporate trait distributions with soil process models may lead to better predictions of how climate driven population changes will alter climate influenced processes such as C feedbacks to the atmosphere.…”

Section: Conclusion Hypotheses and Research Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant genetic effects on soils under climate change

et al. 2013

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Background In the face of climate change, shifts in genetic structure and composition of terrestrial plant species are occurring worldwide. Because different genotypes of these plant species support different soil biota and soil processes, shifts in genetics are likely to have cascading effects on ecosystems. Scope We explore plant genetic effects on soil function in the context of climate change, and selection by soils, soil biota and plant-soil feedbacks. We propose categories of genetically-based plant traits that should be prioritized in research on genetic-based effects on soil processes including plant productivity and C allocation, tissue quality, plant water-use, and rhizosphere mutualisms. Additionally, we posit that soil community responses to climate change should be considered in concert with plant genotype because of sensitivity of soil communities to climate. We use two case studies to highlight these points. Conclusions We argue that the effects of climate change as an agent of selection on plants may cascade to affect soils, and ultimately the structure, composition and function of ecosystems. Understanding the ecological and evolutionary potential of plant-soil linkages may help us understand and mitigate the extended consequences of global change for ecosystems worldwide. Accordingly, we conclude with experimental approaches for examining genetically-based plant-soil interactions across climate change gradients.Plant Soil (2014) 379:1-19 DOI 10.1007/s11104-013-1972-x Responsible Editor

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“…Such phenology and productivity differences across a species' range may influence numerous dependent species, leading to changes in arthropod communities (Mopper ; van Asch and Visser ; Ikeda et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bud phenology and growth are subject to divergent selection across a latitudinal gradient in Populus angustifolia and impact adaptation across the distributional range and associated arthropods

Evans

Kaluthota

Pearce

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Temperate forest tree species that span large geographical areas and climatic gradients often have high levels of genetic variation. Such species are ideal for testing how neutral demographic factors and climate‐driven selection structure genetic variation within species, and how this genetic variation can affect ecological communities. Here, we quantified genetic variation in vegetative phenology and growth traits in narrowleaf cottonwood, Populus angustifolia, using three common gardens planted with genotypes originating from source populations spanning the species' range along the Rocky Mountains of North America (ca. 1700 km). We present three main findings. First, we found strong evidence of divergent selection (Q ST > F ST) on fall phenology (bud set) with adaptive consequences for frost avoidance. We also found evidence for selection on bud flush duration, tree height, and basal diameter, resulting in population differentiation. Second, we found strong associations with climate variables that were strongly correlated with latitude of origin. More strongly differentiated traits also showed stronger climate correlations, which emphasizes the role that climate has played in divergent selection throughout the range. We found population × garden interaction effects; for some traits, this accounted for more of the variance than either factor alone. Tree height was influenced by the difference in climate of the source and garden locations and declined with increasing transfer distance. Third, growth traits were correlated with dependent arthropod community diversity metrics. Synthesis. Overall, we conclude that climate has influenced genetic variation and structure in phenology and growth traits and leads to local adaptation in P. angustifolia, which can then impact dependent arthropod species. Importantly, relocation of genotypes far northward or southward often resulted in poor growth, likely due to a phenological mismatch with photoperiod, the proximate cue for fall growth cessation. Genotypes moved too far southward suffer from early growth cessation, whereas those moved too far northward are prone to fall frost and winter dieback. In the face of current and forecasted climate change, habitat restoration, forestry, and tree breeding efforts should utilize these findings to better match latitudinal and climatic source environments with management locations for optimal future outcomes.

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A genetics‐based Universal Community Transfer Function for predicting the impacts of climate change on future communities

Cited by 28 publications

References 63 publications

Climate‐driven reduction of genetic variation in plant phenology alters soil communities and nutrient pools

Climate‐driven reduction of genetic variation in plant phenology alters soil communities and nutrient pools

Plant genetic effects on soils under climate change

Bud phenology and growth are subject to divergent selection across a latitudinal gradient in Populus angustifolia and impact adaptation across the distributional range and associated arthropods

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