Climate‐driven reduction of genetic variation in plant phenology alters soil communities and nutrient pools

Ware, Ian M.; Nuland, Michael E. Van; Schweitzer, Jennifer A.; Yang, Zamin K.; Schadt, Christopher W.; Sidak-Loftis, Lindsay C; Stone, Nathan E.; Busch, Joseph D.; Wagner, David M.; Bailey, Joseph K.

doi:10.1111/gcb.14553

Cited by 26 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…Genotypes with different phenologies may interbreed or adapt to have similar timing based on site conditions (Ware et al ) potentially making the extension of timing short‐lived. It may also be difficult to predict the exact timing of genotypes once moved to a new location due to phenotypic plasticity (Monty & Mahy ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mismatch managed? Phenological phase extension as a strategy to manage phenological asynchrony in plant–animal mutualisms

Olliff-Yang

Gardali

Ackerly

2020

Restoration Ecology

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Species-specific shifts in phenology (timing of periodic life cycle events) are occurring with climate change and are already disrupting interactions within and among trophic levels. Phenological phase duration (e.g. beginning to end of flowering) and complementarity (patterns of nonoverlap), and their responses to changing conditions, will be important determinants of species' adaptive capacity to these shifts. Evidence indicates that extension of phenological duration of mutualistic partners could buffer negative impacts that occur with phenological shifts. Therefore, we suggest that techniques to extend the length of phenological duration will contribute to management of systems experiencing phenological asynchrony. Techniques of phenological phase extension discussed include the role of abiotic heterogeneity, genetic and species diversity, and alteration of population timing. We explore these approaches with the goal of creating a framework to build adaptive capacity and address phenological asynchrony in plant-animal mutualisms under climate change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mismatch managed? Phenological phase extension as a strategy to manage phenological asynchrony in plant–animal mutualisms

Olliff-Yang

Gardali

Ackerly

2020

Restoration Ecology

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“…Climate can impose selective pressures on heritable traits (Ware et al, ) such that genetically based trait‐climate response patterns might hint at the evolutionary dynamics occurring at species' niche limits. We found that common garden trait‐climate relationships showed some similar response patterns as field traits (Hypothesis 2), indicating the presence of genetic clines that constrain trait variation at climate niche limits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, SLA correlates with soil fertility at the global scale (Ordoñez et al, ), and soil factors can be important predictors of habitat suitability (Beauregard & de Blois, ; Coudun, Gegout, Piedallu, & Rameau, ). While it is beyond the scope of the present study, incorporating soil gradients into the double quantile approach is particularly important since plant traits both respond to and alter soil environments (Chapin, ; van der Putten et al, ), creating feedback effects that might boost or reduce plant performance at environmental limits (Van Nuland et al, ; Ware et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We sampled trees at approximately the same aspect that were far apart from each other (>30 m) to try and avoid collecting from the same genet, and subsequent microsatellite analysis was used to identity unique genotypes (see Ware et al, for specific details). Genomic DNA was extracted from powdered leaf samples (Qiagen DNeasy Plant Mini Kit; Qiagen), multi‐locus genotypes were created from nine microsatellite markers (eight from The International Populus Genome Consortium and one from Tuskan et al, ), and clone genotypes (trees with a 100% match at all microsatellite loci) were identified in GenAlEx v6.4 (Peakall & Smouse, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We created a common garden experiment in June 2012 with clonal replicate cuttings of genotypes from the field to examine the effect of genetic variation on P. angustifolia plant traits in relation to the species' climate niche. The specifics of the common garden experiment have also been described previously (Ware et al, ). Briefly, multiple branch‐tip cuttings (~20 cm in length) were collected from each putative genotype in the field in June 2012 and grown in an indoor glasshouse at Northern Arizona University.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraspecific trait variation across elevation predicts a widespread tree species' climate niche and range limits

Nuland

Vincent

Ware

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Global change is widely altering environmental conditions which makes accurately predicting species range limits across natural landscapes critical for conservation and management decisions. If climate pressures along elevation gradients influence the distribution of phenotypic and genetic variation of plant functional traits, then such trait variation may be informative of the selective mechanisms and adaptations that help define climatic niche limits. Using extensive field surveys along 16 elevation transects and a large common garden experiment, we tested whether functional trait variation could predict the climatic niche of a widespread tree species (Populus angustifolia) with a double quantile regression approach. We show that intraspecific variation in plant size, growth, and leaf morphology corresponds with the species' total climate range and certain climatic limits related to temperature and moisture extremes. Moreover, we find evidence of genetic clines and phenotypic plasticity at environmental boundaries, which we use to create geographic predictions of trait variation and maximum values due to climatic constraints across the western US.Overall, our findings show the utility of double quantile regressions for connecting species distributions and climate gradients through trait-based mechanisms. We highlight how new approaches like ours that incorporate genetic variation in functional traits and their response to climate gradients will lead to a better understanding of plant distributions as well as identifying populations anticipated to be maladapted to future environments. K E Y W O R D Sadaptation, climate range, ecological niche models, elevation gradient, functional traits, intraspecific variation, phenotypic plasticity, quantile regression

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Genetic data improves niche model discrimination and alters the direction and magnitude of climate change forecasts

Bothwell

Evans

Hersch‐Green

et al. 2021

Ecological Applications

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Ecological niche models (ENMs) have classically operated under the simplifying assumptions that there are no barriers to gene flow, species are genetically homogeneous (i.e., no population-specific local adaptation), and all individuals share the same niche. Yet, these assumptions are violated for most broadly distributed species. Here, we incorporate genetic data from the widespread riparian tree species narrowleaf cottonwood (Populus angustifolia) to examine whether including intraspecific genetic variation can alter model performance and predictions of climate change impacts. We found that (1) P. angustifolia is differentiated into six genetic groups across its range from M exico to Canada and (2) different populations occupy distinct climate niches representing unique ecotypes. Comparing model discriminatory power, (3) all genetically informed ecological niche models (gENMs) outperformed the standard species-level ENM (3-14% increase in AUC; 1-23% increase in pROC). Furthermore, (4) gENMs predicted large differences among ecotypes in both the direction and magnitude of responses to climate change and (5) revealed evidence of niche divergence, particularly for the Eastern Rocky Mountain ecotype. (6) Models also predicted progressively increasing fragmentation and decreasing overlap between ecotypes. Contact zones are often hotspots of diversity that are critical for supporting species' capacity to respond to present and future climate change, thus predicted reductions in connectivity among ecotypes is of conservation concern. We further examined the generality of our findings by comparing our model developed for a higher elevation Rocky Mountain species with a related desert riparian cottonwood, P. fremontii. Together our results suggest that incorporating intraspecific genetic information can improve model performance by addressing this important source of variance. gENMs bring an evolutionary perspective to niche modeling and provide a truly "adaptive management" approach to support conservation genetic management of species facing global change.

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Climate‐driven reduction of genetic variation in plant phenology alters soil communities and nutrient pools

Cited by 26 publications

References 105 publications

Mismatch managed? Phenological phase extension as a strategy to manage phenological asynchrony in plant–animal mutualisms

Mismatch managed? Phenological phase extension as a strategy to manage phenological asynchrony in plant–animal mutualisms

Intraspecific trait variation across elevation predicts a widespread tree species' climate niche and range limits

Genetic data improves niche model discrimination and alters the direction and magnitude of climate change forecasts

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