A Further Analysis on Ti6Al4V Lattice Structures Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

Maietta, Saverio; Gloria, Antonio; Improta, Giovanni; Richetta, M.; Santis, Roberto De; Martorelli, Massimo

doi:10.1155/2019/3212594

Cited by 47 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Current efforts to reduce the stiffness of metallic lattice structures for biomedical implants are directed toward changing the material, the unit cell type, the porosity, [ 40 ] and the pore interconnectivity [ 45 ] to ensure osseointegration and to reduce the possibility of implant loosening. To improve tissue integration, biomedical implants have previously been coated with hydrogels [ 46 ] to provide better adhesion to surrounding tissues [ 47 ] and antibacterial protection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additively Manufactured Semiflexible Titanium Lattices as Hydrogel Reinforcement for Biomedical Implants

Tosoratti

Incaviglia

Liashenko

et al. 2020

Advanced NanoBiomed Research

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Hydrogels are one of the most widespread biomaterials used in tissue engineering. However, they possess weak mechanical properties and are often unstable in load‐bearing applications in vivo. A novel class of flexible Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy lattices manufactured using laser powder bed fusion (L‐PBF) serves as a tunable reinforcement for hydrogels, providing them with additional mechanical stability and flexibility, while ensuring biocompatibility. A study on the design parameters of the structural elements of the lattices is performed to evaluate their influence on the mechanical properties of the structure. Mechanical testing of Ti–6Al–4V lattices shows a compressive modulus ranging from 38.9 to 895.5 kPa in the flexible direction. In the other two directions, the lattices are designed to have minimal flexibility. Lattices embedded in a 1% agarose hydrogel show a strain‐rate‐dependent, viscoelastic behavior given by the hydrogel component with the additional stiffness of the titanium lattice. Stress distribution upon loading is simulated using finite element analysis (FEA) and compared to experimental data using multiple regression statistical analysis. As a proof of concept, an intervertebral spinal disc implant is designed with mechanical properties matching the compressive moduli of the nucleus pulposus and anulus fibrosus reported in the literature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additively Manufactured Semiflexible Titanium Lattices as Hydrogel Reinforcement for Biomedical Implants

Tosoratti

Incaviglia

Liashenko

et al. 2020

Advanced NanoBiomed Research

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“…The justification for selecting these three biomaterials was based on their availability, reported biocompatibility, prospect of CAD/CAM manufacturing, and mechanical properties, which are either higher than or are comparable to that of cortical bone (Table 6) [35][36][37]. It must however be noted that the choice of material should be based mainly on the elastic modulus of the biomaterial in comparison to that of natural bone [17][18][19]. Maietta et al reported that it is possible to modify the elastic properties of titanium implants manufactured using an additive process, without affecting their mechanical performance, by incorporating advanced porous and lattice structures [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It must however be noted that the choice of material should be based mainly on the elastic modulus of the biomaterial in comparison to that of natural bone [17][18][19]. Maietta et al reported that it is possible to modify the elastic properties of titanium implants manufactured using an additive process, without affecting their mechanical performance, by incorporating advanced porous and lattice structures [17]. In addition to fabrication of implants with Young's modulus closer to that of natural bone, porous structures also help minimize stress shielding effect [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Biomechanical Simulation Testing of Custom Fabricated Temporomandibular Joint Parts Made of Electron Beam Melted Titanium, Zirconia, and Poly-Methyl Methacrylate

et al. 2019

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Total alloplastic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) replacement has become common. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate wear response of custom-fabricated electron beam melted titanium (EBM-Ti), zirconia, and acrylic TMJ parts when subjected to biomechanical simulation testing. Eighteen prosthetic TMJ parts (condyle, glenoid fossa) were custom-fabricated using computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques based on patient's radiographic images. Biomechanical simulation testing of TMJ parts (in different combinations) were done in a modified chewing simulator (108,000 cycles, 1 Hz frequency, 45-60 N compression, strokes-downward 0.15-0.25 s/horizontal, 0.4-0.5 s/upward, 0.25-0.45 s/displacement, 1.5-2.0 mm). Qualitative analysis using scanning electron microscopy revealed wear facets on leading edges of vertical and horizontal simulation strokes. Measurement of pre-test and post-test weights of TMJ parts revealed non-significant reduction in weights due to wear. EBM-Ti and acrylic TMJ glenoid fossae articulating against zirconia condyles during simulation testing had significantly higher wear, evidenced by greater mean reduction in weights. Based on results of this preliminary study, custom-fabricated alloplastic prosthetic TMJ are a viable alternative to stock alloplastic joints. While EBM-Ti and acrylic are suitable biomaterials for custom-fabrication, use of zirconia results in greater wear and requires further studies to optimize their role in customized alloplastic TMJ.

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“…The PBS should be designed in a way to enable the required magnitude of deformations in the specific directions under the most common load/constraint cases inherent to the patient [ 2 , 4 ]. Actually, properly designed construction and material selection for PBS can provide a suitable strength of the structure that will enable the required magnitude of deformation and fatigue resistance ( Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Objectives and Challenges Of Pbs Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, it should endure the necessary number of cycles of the load that will be imposed while the recovery process ongoing without losing its support function. There are a few research endeavours reporting on the optimization of lattice-like scaffold structure in terms of mechanical characteristics required for the specific patient [ 2 , 4 ].…”

Section: Objectives and Challenges Of Pbs Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic Approach in Designing the Personalized Bone Scaffold: The Case of Reconstruction of Large Missing Piece of Mandible Caused by Congenital Anatomic Anomaly

Milovanović

Stojković

Husain

et al. 2020

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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The paper reports on the importance of applying the holistic approach in designing a personalized bone scaffold, but also all other kinds of personalized implants. In addition, the paper attempts to point out the important aspects of the design of a PBS against which the quality of a realistic and applicable design solution should be assessed. The holistic approach refers to the adaptation of design features of a bone scaffold to the multilateral specifics related to the particular patient, its surgical case, and curing treatment. To ensure a successful application, five aspects of personalized bone scaffold design should be considered while it is being adapted: anatomical congruency, mechanical conformity, biochemical compatibility and biodegradability, manufacturability, and implantability. To demonstrate the importance of applying a holistic approach in designing a personalized bone scaffold, the paper shows a case where a patient-specific scaffold aimed at the reconstruction of a large missing piece of mandible was designed. The research resulted in a series of recommendations regarding the methods of bone geometry reconstruction and scaffold design. The paper sheds new light on the desired mechanical properties of a personalized bone scaffold while also recommending possible design parameters for optimizing the construction according to these properties. Finally, it recommends a possible procedure of integral production of personalized bone scaffold and bone graft. The presented so-called holistic approach announces a new systematic process of designing a personalized bone scaffold, which, although requiring a comprehensive consideration of complex requirements, is inevitable to make the designed solution applicable.

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A Further Analysis on Ti6Al4V Lattice Structures Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

Cited by 47 publications

References 27 publications

Additively Manufactured Semiflexible Titanium Lattices as Hydrogel Reinforcement for Biomedical Implants

Additively Manufactured Semiflexible Titanium Lattices as Hydrogel Reinforcement for Biomedical Implants

In Vitro Biomechanical Simulation Testing of Custom Fabricated Temporomandibular Joint Parts Made of Electron Beam Melted Titanium, Zirconia, and Poly-Methyl Methacrylate

Holistic Approach in Designing the Personalized Bone Scaffold: The Case of Reconstruction of Large Missing Piece of Mandible Caused by Congenital Anatomic Anomaly

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