Abstract:This paper proposes a monitoring framework to be used during the planning stage for a sports mega-event. The research identifies a lack of monitoring and evaluation studies during the development stage for sports mega-events. Importantly, it notes the absence of research which evaluates an event systematically from the outset of the process and from the perspectives of host residents and event planners. The framework was developed on the basis of the philosophical approach of pragmatism; it focused on a sustai… Show more
“…Sport mega-events have been largely used as instruments to market nations around the world mainly because of the efficacy of such events in boosting tourism and consequently promoting sustainable development of the host countries (Ma, Egan, Rotherham, & Ma, 2010). Developing nations have recently started to bid and host sport mega-events to reposition themselves as tourist destinations.…”
The purposes of this research were (a) to explore and describe the relationships relative to the evaluation of the work of the organizers, expected legacy, and support for hosting the 2014 World Cup (WC) and the 2016 Olympic Games (OG); and (b) to compare Brazilians' support for these two events. Social exchange theory (Blau & Scott, 1962) supported three structural models. Results indicated that Brazilians college students (n = 914) do not strongly support the country's hosting of either the 2014 WC or the 2016 OG. They also do not believe the organizers adequately prepared the country to host the events, and, subsequently, do not have high positive legacy expectations. Mediated models indicated that higher perceptions of the work of the organizersin preparation for the sport mega-events predicted more positive legacy expectations of these events, and subsequently, larger intentions to support the events. Significant indirect effects indicated that a fully mediated model might be useful to describe relationships among intentions of support, expected legacy, and evaluations of the work of the organizers in preparing to host sport mega-events. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
“…Sport mega-events have been largely used as instruments to market nations around the world mainly because of the efficacy of such events in boosting tourism and consequently promoting sustainable development of the host countries (Ma, Egan, Rotherham, & Ma, 2010). Developing nations have recently started to bid and host sport mega-events to reposition themselves as tourist destinations.…”
The purposes of this research were (a) to explore and describe the relationships relative to the evaluation of the work of the organizers, expected legacy, and support for hosting the 2014 World Cup (WC) and the 2016 Olympic Games (OG); and (b) to compare Brazilians' support for these two events. Social exchange theory (Blau & Scott, 1962) supported three structural models. Results indicated that Brazilians college students (n = 914) do not strongly support the country's hosting of either the 2014 WC or the 2016 OG. They also do not believe the organizers adequately prepared the country to host the events, and, subsequently, do not have high positive legacy expectations. Mediated models indicated that higher perceptions of the work of the organizersin preparation for the sport mega-events predicted more positive legacy expectations of these events, and subsequently, larger intentions to support the events. Significant indirect effects indicated that a fully mediated model might be useful to describe relationships among intentions of support, expected legacy, and evaluations of the work of the organizers in preparing to host sport mega-events. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
“…Embora seja inegável o crescimento e a popularidade dos eventos turísticos, Ma, Egan, Rotherham & Ma (2011. (2011 argumentam que as pesquisas científicas sobre impactos de eventos ainda concentram-se de forma mais significativa na dimensão econômica do que na dimensão ambiental ou social.…”
“…Briedenhann, 2011;Coates & Matheson, 2011;Heslop, Nadeau, & O'Reilly, 2010;Ma, Egan, Rotherham, & Ma, 2011;Ritchie, Shipway, & Cleeve, 2009). However, many domestic travelers also attend the event, representing a large proportion of the visitors.…”
The purpose of this study was to examine the motives of Chinese nationals who attended the Expo 2010 in Shanghai, China, and to understand their perceptions about service quality, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions. The results of this study revealed six motivation factors and three mutually exclusive clusters based on their motives. In particular, the "multipurpose experience seekers" showed more favorable service quality perceptions and higher satisfaction than their counterparts. The three segments based on their motivation also demonstrated significant differences in selected sociodemographic variables, which could be used effectively by the event organizers. Marketing implications and suggestions for attracting visitors to a mega event were presented.
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