A Dual PET/MR Imaging Nanoprobe: 124I Labeled Gd3N@C80

Luo, Jianqiao; Wilson, John D.; Zhang, Jianyuan; Hirsch, Jerry I.; Dorn, Harry C.; Fatouros, Panos P.; Shultz, Michael D.

doi:10.3390/app2020465

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Another multi-modal imaging platform has been developed by Luo et al for combined positron emission tomography (PET) and MRI. 121 Exohedral addition of 124 I to hydroxylated Gd 3 N@C 80 conferred the PET ability although, as with the X-ray CA of Wharton et al, 85 iodine must be stably attached to the cage to avoid allergic reactions. A lack of iodine uptake in the thyroid gland seemed to suggest good stability of this molecule, giving it promise as a future dual-modal imaging tool.…”

Section: Brachytherapy Chemotherapy and Dual-modal Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble fullerenes for medical applications

Rašović

2017

Materials Science and Technology

114

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Research on fullerenes occupies a unique position in the scientific arena. Synthesis and characterisation of this nanomaterial blur the line between materials science and chemistry; careful tuning of the processing methods gives birth to a whole family of molecules and their functionalised derivatives, whose unusual properties at this nanoscopic scale can be exploited in cutting-edge technological applications. This review focuses on the functionalisation of fullerenes for use in medical applications. The first half gives an introduction to the fullerenes themselves and how their fundamental properties lead to a very rich chemistry, enabling both exohedral (external) and endohedral (internal) functionalisations of the cage. Emphasis is placed on the need for safe and reproducible synthesis routes if fullerenes are ever going to make it to the pharmaceutical market. In line with this, a selection of exohedral functionalisation protocols receives particular attention. Coverage of endohedral fullerene synthesis routes is limited to the endohedral metallofullerenes. In the second half, myriad applications of fullerenes in biomedical contexts are introduced and certain synthesis routes are critically evaluated. Discussion of the need to water solubilise the hydrophobic fullerene cages precedes an overview of fullerene-based diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. A final moment is spent on toxicity studies of fullerenes. The concluding remarks emphasise the positive effects of incorporating fullerenes into biomedical technologies, while looking at how these are perceived by the general public. A case is made for fullerenes being the optimal choice as standard bearers in the advance of nanomaterials into the medical field. This is the winning review of the 2016 Materials Literature Review Prize of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining, run by the Editorial Board of MST. Sponsorship of the prize by TWI Ltd is gratefully acknowledged.

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Section: Brachytherapy Chemotherapy and Dual-modal Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble fullerenes for medical applications

Rašović

2017

Materials Science and Technology

114

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“…However, such techniques may have limited signal penetration in vivo and lack the widespread clinical utility observed with more conventional diagnostic imaging modalities. Thus far, there have been only a few reports of SWCNT-based probes for clinically relevant imaging modalities with full-body penetration such as computed tomography (CT), single-photon emission CT, positron emission tomography (PET) and MRI [15–17] . Both T1- and T2-weighted SWCNT-based magnetic resonance (MR) CAs have been prepared, frequently through attachment of chelated Gd 3+ or iron oxide on the external surface of the SWCNT material [18, 19] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Confinement of Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Agents Within Carbon Nanotubes for Bimodal Imaging

Cisneros

Law

Matson

et al. 2014

Nanomedicine (Lond.)

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Aims Simultaneous positron emission tomography/MRI has recently been introduced to the clinic and dual positron emission tomography/MRI probes are rare and of growing interest. We have developed a strategy for producing multimodal probes based on a carbon nanotube platform without the use of chelating ligands. Materials & methods Gd3+ and 64Cu2+ ions were loaded into ultra-short single-walled carbon nanotubes by sonication. Normal, tumor-free athymic nude mice were injected intravenously with the probe and imaged over 48 h. Results & conclusion The probe was stable for up to 24 h when challenged with phosphate-buffered saline and mouse serum. Positron emission tomography imaging also confirmed the stability of the probe in vivo for up to 48 h. The probe was quickly cleared from circulation, with enhanced accumulation in the lungs. Stable encapsulation of contrast agents within ultra-short single-walled carbon nanotubes represents a new strategy for the design of advanced imaging probes with variable multimodal imaging capabilities.

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“…Therefore, the interest in development and characterization of dual imaging agents is apparent [80]. Recent studies have described the synthesis and initial in vivo imaging of a metallofullerene-based nanoplatform for PET/MRI [73]. This agent design is shown in Figure 2B, and was synthesized through iodination of the Gd 3 N@C 80 species with iodine.…”

Section: Multimodality and Simultaneous Imagingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Examples of this include the aforementioned encapsulation of Gd or Gd 3 N for MRI contrast [26,32], Lu 3 N for x-ray contrast [71] and g-emitters for SPECT detection [42]. External ligands have also been added to empty C 60 cages to provide x-ray contrast [47,72] and radiolabeling [46,73].…”

Section: Multimodality and Simultaneous Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallofullerenes: A New Class of MRI Agents and More?

Fatouros

Shultz

2013

Nanomedicine

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Metallofullerenes have incited research endeavors across many disciplines owing to their wide range of properties obtainable by altering the metal component inside the fullerene cage or by a variety of surface functionalities. With a metal component of gadolinium, gadofullerenes have particularly shown promise in MRI applications owing to their high proton relaxivity and isolation of the metal from the biological environment. This article aims to give a perspective on the development of metallofullerenes as MRI contrast agents and further applications that distinguish them as a new class of imaging agent.

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A Dual PET/MR Imaging Nanoprobe: 124I Labeled Gd3N@C80

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Water-soluble fullerenes for medical applications

Water-soluble fullerenes for medical applications

Stable Confinement of Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Agents Within Carbon Nanotubes for Bimodal Imaging

Metallofullerenes: A New Class of MRI Agents and More?

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