A Disorder of Rapid Eye Movements in Huntington's Chorea

Starr, Arnold

doi:10.1093/brain/90.3.545

Cited by 276 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…79,80 Research findings Impairment of both vertical and horizontal saccades was originally reported in patients suffering from manifest HD. 81 Contrary to earlier eye movement findings on premanifest HD individuals that reported intact performance, 82,83 a number of recent studies have reported deficits even in premanifest subjects. Initiation deficits of voluntary guided saccades, saccadic slowing, and delayed reflexive saccades were present.…”

Section: Clinical Ocular Motor Findingsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Furthermore, the saccadometry research tool has proved valuable in separating premanifest, manifest, and controls who showed an increased incidence of early saccades with unusually short latencies. [84][85][86][87][88][89] Manifest patients early in the course of their disease, exhibit reduced saccadic velocity, 78,81,90 impaired initiation of saccades, an increase in the frequency of square-wave jerks, and an increase in saccadic latencies, that is greater for voluntary than reflexive saccades. They have excessive distractibility during attempted fixation, even when specifically instructed to maintain fixation on a centrally located target.…”

Section: Clinical Ocular Motor Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocular motor abnormalities in neurodegenerative disorders

Antoniades

Kennard

2014

Eye

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Eye movements are a source of valuable information to both clinicians and scientists as abnormalities of them frequently act as clues to the localization of a disease process. Classically, they are divided into two main types: those that hold the gaze, keeping images steady on the retina (vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic reflexes) and those that shift gaze and redirect the line of sight to a new object of interest (saccades, vergence, and smooth pursuit). Here we will review some of the major ocular motor abnormalities present in neurodegenerative disorders.

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Section: Clinical Ocular Motor Findingsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Clinical Ocular Motor Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular motor abnormalities in neurodegenerative disorders

Antoniades

Kennard

2014

Eye

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“…In a clinical context, Yee et al (1985, p. 938) noted that due to the "maximal recruitment of motoneurons and extraocular muscle fibers […] during large saccades […] it would be expected that most disorders that impair the recruitment of motoneurons and muscle fibers or that otherwise interfere with the contraction of muscle fibers will decrease the peak velocity." Indeed, several pathologies are associated with alterations in saccadic peak velocity (Anderson & MacAskill, 2013), including progressive supranuclear palsy (Newman, Gay, Stroud, & Brooks 1970), Huntington's disease (Starr, 1967), and spinocerebellar degeneration (Zee, Optican, Cook, Robinson, & Engel, 1976). Therefore, it is crucial that amplitude and peak velocity of saccades can be accurately measured and restored from the recorded data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of sampling rate and lowpass filters on saccades – A modeling approach

2017

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The study of eye movements has become popular in many fields of science. However, using the preprocessed output of an eye tracker without scrutiny can lead to lowquality or even erroneous data. For example, the sampling rate of the eye tracker influences saccadic peak velocity, while inadequate filters fail to suppress noise or introduce artifacts. Despite previously published guiding values, most filter choices still seem motivated by a trial-and-error approach, and a thorough analysis of filter effects is missing. Therefore, we developed a simple and easy-to-use saccade model that incorporates measured amplitude-velocity main sequences and produces saccades with a similar frequency content to real saccades. We also derived a velocity divergence measure to rate deviations between velocity profiles. In total, we simulated 155 saccades ranging from 0.5°to 60°a nd subjected them to different sampling rates, noise compositions, and various filter settings. The final goal was to compile a list with the best filter settings for each of these conditions. Replicating previous findings, we observed reduced peak velocities at lower sampling rates. However, this effect was highly non-linear over amplitudes and increasingly stronger for smaller saccades. Interpolating the data to a higher sampling rate significantly reduced this effect. We hope that our model and the velocity divergence measure will be used to provide a quickly accessible ground truth without the need for recording and manually labeling saccades. The comprehensive list of filters allows one to choose the correct filter for analyzing saccade data without resorting to trial-and-error methods.

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“…This was initially considered an oculomotor apraxia 25,26,27,28,29 . However, Becker et al 26 evaluated horizontal head movements and eye-head coordination in 29 early stage HD patients and 24 age-matched controls.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Another important point is the reduction of speed of these movements 25,26,28,28,30,32,36 . In a research study by Aron et al 39 that evaluated saccade velocity by video nystagmography in 21 patients with genetically confirmed HD and a control group of 15 subjects, the HD group exhibited decreased saccade velocity when compared with that of the control group.…”

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confidence: 99%

Abnormal eye movements in three types of chorea

Attoni

Beato

Pinto

et al. 2016

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Chorea is an abnormal movement characterized by a continuous flow of random muscle contractions. This phenomenon has several causes, such as infectious and degenerative processes. Chorea results from basal ganglia dysfunction. As the control of the eye movements is related to the basal ganglia, it is expected, therefore, that is altered in diseases related to chorea. Sydenham’s chorea, Huntington’s disease and neuroacanthocytosis are described in this review as basal ganglia illnesses that can present with abnormal eye movements. Ocular changes resulting from dysfunction of the basal ganglia are apparent in saccade tasks, slow pursuit, setting a target and anti-saccade tasks. The purpose of this article is to review the main characteristics of eye motion in these three forms of chorea.

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A Disorder of Rapid Eye Movements in Huntington's Chorea

Cited by 276 publications

References 16 publications

Ocular motor abnormalities in neurodegenerative disorders

Ocular motor abnormalities in neurodegenerative disorders

The effect of sampling rate and lowpass filters on saccades – A modeling approach

Abnormal eye movements in three types of chorea

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