A determination of the sources of airborne particles collected during the regional air pollution study

Alpert, D.; Hopke, Philip K.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(81)90272-9

Cited by 91 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Correlations are weaker for C1, Cu, and Cd, but they are definitely present, and Cr and Fe are probably present. Previous studies (Greenberg In Table 7 we compare our results with those of target-transformation factor analysis (TTFA) studies of the July/August 1976 data at Station 112 by Alpert and Hopke (1981) and with in-stack studies of municipal incinerators by Greenberg et al (1978a,b) and Olmez et al (1987). There is reasonably good agreement between the results of WTA and TTFA for several elements: C1, K, Ni, Zn, and Pb.…”

Section: Refuse Incinerationmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…There is strong evidence for including Mn in the component and modest evidence for V, Ni, Zn, Cr, and K. Support for the remaining elements is weak or nonexistent. Some are listed because of their inclusion in iron-andsteel components of Alpert and Hopke (1981) or Small (1979), shown for comparison. Except for Fe, Mn, and K, correspondence of our component with Alpert and Hopke's is not striking, probably because TTFA has more difficulty than our method in distinguishing contributions from colocated sources.…”

Section: Iron-and-steel Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wind-Trajectory Method for Determining Compositions of Particles from Major Air Pollution Sources

Rheingrover

Gordon

1988

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Compositions of particles from several types of air pollution sources can be determined by a wind-trajectory method applied to a large data set on particle compositions obtained in St. Louis by other workers, who operated ten dichotomous samplers for 2 years and analyzed all samples by X-ray fluorescence. Samples heavily influenced by emissions from specific sources are identified by searching the data for unusually large concentrations of each element. Mean wind directions during the identified sampling periods often cluster about angles pointing to dominant sources of the elements. Trajectories for a given element obtained at different stations often con-

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Section: Refuse Incinerationmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Iron-and-steel Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind-Trajectory Method for Determining Compositions of Particles from Major Air Pollution Sources

Rheingrover

Gordon

1988

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…A comparison of signatures of sources in St. Louis obtained by TTFA (Alpert and Hopke, 1981) and wind trajectory analysis indicates a similar smearing of signatures by TTFA among sources that are located in the same general direction with respect to the receptor. In cases of large ambient data sets that include extensive meteorological data (especially wind direction), the smearing problem aay be avoided by selectively applying TTFA to only the samples collected under specified wind conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 77%

Considerations for design of source apportionment studies

Gordon

Pierson

Daisey

et al. 1984

Atmospheric Environment (1967)

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should be collected in a way that simulates changes that would normally occur before they reach distant receptors (e.g., by diluting and cooling the particles 2 from hot sources). It is recommended that particulate samples be routinely collected in two size fractions by use of virtual impactors, and that all samples be subjected, at a minimum, to mass and X-ray fluorescence analyses.Additional measurements are suggested for obtaining more detailed information: neutron 4Ctivation analysis; X-ray diffraction; automated particle classification by electron microscopy; analyses for classes of organic species, 14 C, and thermally released carbonaceous species; and real-time observation of several gases during sample collection. Methods for collecting meteorological data in parallel with ambient samples are described, as are methods for incorporating such data into the source identification process.

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“…이러한 측정망의 경우 일반적으로 3일 또는 6일 간격으로 24시간 동안 입자상물질에 대한 시료 를 채취하고 있다 (Solomon and Sioutas, 2006). 미국 Gatz (1978), Alpert and Hopke (1981), Liu et al (1982), Chang et al (1988), Rheingrover and Gordon (1988), 그리고 Glover et al (황인조 등, 2008). 참 고 문 헌…”

Section: 국의 경우 Frm (Federal Reference Method) 측정망unclassified

Estimation of Source Apportionment for Semi-Continuous PM_2.5and Identification of Location for Local Point Sources at the St. Louis Supersite, USA

Hwang¹

2009

Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment

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In this study, 1-hour integrated PM 2.5 mass and chemical composition concentrations were monitored at the St. Louis-Midwest Supersite in Illinois. Time-resolved samples were collected one week in each of June 2001 (22 June to 28 June), November 2001 (7 November to 13 November), and March 2002 (19 March to 25 March). A total of 427 samples were collected by CAMM (continuous ambient mass monitor) and 15 compounds were analyzed by AAS, PILS (particle-into-liquid sampler), and TOT (thermal optical transmittance) method. PMF was applied to identify the sources and apportion the PM 2.5 mass to each source for highly time resolved data. In addition, the nonparametric regression (NPR) was applied to identify the predominant directions of local sources relative to wind direction. Also, this study performed compare the NPR analysis and location of actual local point sources at the St. Louis area. The PMF modeling identified nine sources and the average mass was apportioned to gasoline vehicle, road dust, zinc smelter, copper production, secondary sulfate, diesel emission, secondary nitrate, iron+ +steel, and lead smelter, respectively. These results suggested that this study results will be help for PM 2.5 source apportionment studies at similar metropolitan area, establish PM 2.5 standard, and establish effective emissions reduction strategies in Korea.

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A determination of the sources of airborne particles collected during the regional air pollution study

Cited by 91 publications

References 12 publications

Wind-Trajectory Method for Determining Compositions of Particles from Major Air Pollution Sources

Wind-Trajectory Method for Determining Compositions of Particles from Major Air Pollution Sources

Considerations for design of source apportionment studies

Estimation of Source Apportionment for Semi-Continuous PM_2.5and Identification of Location for Local Point Sources at the St. Louis Supersite, USA

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A determination of the sources of airborne particles collected during the regional air pollution study

Cited by 91 publications

References 12 publications

Wind-Trajectory Method for Determining Compositions of Particles from Major Air Pollution Sources

Wind-Trajectory Method for Determining Compositions of Particles from Major Air Pollution Sources

Considerations for design of source apportionment studies

Estimation of Source Apportionment for Semi-Continuous PM2.5and Identification of Location for Local Point Sources at the St. Louis Supersite, USA

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Estimation of Source Apportionment for Semi-Continuous PM_2.5and Identification of Location for Local Point Sources at the St. Louis Supersite, USA