Wind-Trajectory Method for Determining Compositions of Particles from Major Air Pollution Sources

Abstract

Compositions of particles from several types of air pollution sources can be determined by a wind-trajectory method applied to a large data set on particle compositions obtained in St. Louis by other workers, who operated ten dichotomous samplers for 2 years and analyzed all samples by X-ray fluorescence. Samples heavily influenced by emissions from specific sources are identified by searching the data for unusually large concentrations of each element. Mean wind directions during the identified sampling periods often cluster about angles pointing to dominant sources of the elements. Trajectories for a given element obtained at different stations often con-

Heavy Metals in Urban Soils of East St. Louis, IL, Part I: Total Concentration of Heavy Metals in Soils

“…That is, either one industry is largely responsible for the accumulation of soil Zn, Cd, and Cu values, or the accumulation is a result of aerosol deposition from a number of industries located at a specific wind direction. Because of the proximity of the Cu and Zn smelters in Sauget, it is difficult to discriminate between the two; but considering the data of Rheingrover and Gordon, 2 Sweet et al, 1 and that presented above, this evidence suggests that both emission sources may be suspect. Considering the literature data on Zn smelters, it is not at all surprising that there exists such a strong correlation between Zn and Cd.…”

Heavy Metals in Urban Soils of East St. Louis, IL Part II: Leaching Characteristics and Modeling

“…Precipitation-and adsorption-governed dissolution where k, k 1,2 , and α are metal release rate constants determined by curve fitting. The average flow rate was calculated from the averaged flow rate data of the first four days of column operation, except where indicated, since the initial leaching characteristics were deemed most important.…”

“…Initial air quality studies showed a significant airborne concentration of hazardous and heavy metals. 1 Determining the concentration of heavy metals and metalloids (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Zn) in the soils provided a basis for further analysis (see Part I), 2 as the soil concentration of these metals was found to be quite high in certain soils. In this study, leaching experiments were employed as a method of elucidating the association of metals to soil fractions and the mobility characteristics of contaminants under severe and natural conditions.…”

Estimation of Source Apportionment for Semi-Continuous PM2.5and Identification of Location for Local Point Sources at the St. Louis Supersite, USA

“…이러한 측정망의 경우 일반적으로 3일 또는 6일 간격으로 24시간 동안 입자상물질에 대한 시료 를 채취하고 있다 (Solomon and Sioutas, 2006). 미국 Gatz (1978), Alpert and Hopke (1981), Liu et al (1982), Chang et al (1988), Rheingrover and Gordon (1988), 그리고 Glover et al (황인조 등, 2008). 참 고 문 헌…”