A descriptive study of douching practices in Turkish women

Hacıalioğlu, Nazlı; Nazik, Evşen; Kılıç, Meral

doi:10.1111/j.1440-172x.2009.01735.x

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Another study conducted in Turkey stated that vaginal lavage is used by 38.6% of women (Erbil et al, 2012). Also, in another study conducted on fertile-age women living in Erzurum it was reported that 51.4% of the participants made vaginal lavage (Hacialioglu et al, 2009). Although the rate of making vaginal lavage differs by the regions, in another study carried out on Izmir it was stated that 51.6% of the women make vaginal lavage (Hadimli et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Cervical Cancer Risk in Women between 15 and 49 Years of Age: Case of Izmir

Soğukpınar

Saydam²,

Can³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: The aim of the study was to determine risk factors for cervical cancer for women in Izmir. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive field covered a population of 4319 women of reproductive age (15-49) (household registration in the Mukhtar's office-2007). A total of 1,637 women were included in the sample given a four-part questionnaire through face-to-face interview by visiting the women in their homes in order to determine socio-demographic factors, obstetric history, genital hygiene and the use of family planning methods. In addition, during the data collection process, the women were given group training in order to raise awareness of cervical cancer. The number and percentage distributions of the data were calculated. Results: While the average age of the women was 31.9±9.77 (Min: 15.00-Max: 49.00), education level of 43.4% of them was elementary school only. It was determined that 70.3% of the women experienced at least one pregnancy, 71.0% had vaginal delivery and 75.9% used a contraceptive method. In the study it was determined that among the cervical cancer related risks vaginal delivery, vaginal lavage and having three or more pregnancies had the highest rates, while having sexual intercourse before 16 years of age and having more than one sexual partner constituted lower rates. The rate of the women who stated not having a smear in the last three years was 82.4%. Conclusions: Considering the case in terms of having Pap smear test, women's awareness on the risk factors and early diagnosis of cervical cancer was found to be low. Due to this reason, awareness of women has to be raised through education.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Cervical Cancer Risk in Women between 15 and 49 Years of Age: Case of Izmir

Soğukpınar

Saydam²,

Can³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Similarly, in previous studies the prevalence of vaginal douching has been reported as between 38 and 76% [24,25]. Studies in Turkey indicate the frequency of vaginal douching as between 47.2 and 61.5% [4,5,6,26]. The characteristics of women’s douching habits, such as frequency, technique, and the douching agents used, may influence the effect of douching on health consequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal Douching Practices among Turkish Married Women

Erbi̇l

Alışarlı

Terzi³

et al. 2011

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of the practice of vaginal douching among Turkish married women and associations between their douching status, predisposing factors, and effects on their health. Methods: This cross-sectional survey of women between 17 and 61 years of age was conducted between February 1, 2007, and May 18, 2007, in the Maternity-Gynecology and Children’s Hospital in Ordu, Turkey. The sample of this study included 427 women. A confidential and anonymous self-reported questionnaire was collected in a convenient sample of the women. Results: Of the 427 women in the study, 165 women (38.6%) had douched at some time. Housewives [odds ratio (OR) 2.660, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.162–6.090], women who had experienced a spontaneous abortion (OR 4.676, 95% CI 1.606–13.618), or had beliefs about positive health effects of vaginal douching (OR 29.603, 95% CI 14.090–62.192) also had risk factors associated with vaginal douching practices. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study found that vaginal douching is a common practice among women. Many of the women who practiced vaginal douching believed in its health benefits. The results may enhance healthcare practitioners’ knowledge and efforts to educate their patients.

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“…Some studies have reported that there was no correlation between educational status and vaginal infections, and that the risk for vaginal infections was lower among illiterate women (Patel, et al, 2006;Polat, et al, 2011). By contrast, other studies have reported that women who had received at least a high school education demonstrated better genital hygiene behavioursand had a lower risk of vaginal infections (Cankaya & Ege, 2014;Hacialioğlu, Nazik & Kiliç, 2009;Bradshaw, et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The rate of vaginal douching in Turkish women has been reported as ranging between 38.5% and 70.6% (Cankaya & Ege, 2014;Hacialioğlu, Nazik & Kiliç, 2009). In our study, the behaviour of vaginal douching was correlated with higher mean GHBI scores, suggesting that a lack of knowledge about vaginal douching may have resulted in the adoption of other negative behaviours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with Genital Hygiene Behaviours in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Turkey

Çankaya

Yılmaz

2015

HumanSciences

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Purpose: This descriptive study was conducted to determine the factors associated with genital hygiene behaviours in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Method and material: Seventy pregnant women and 70 non-pregnant women, aged between 25 and 45 years, who were in the third trimester of pregnancy and presented to the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic at the Faculty of Medicine in Konya Province, Turkey, were included in the study. The data were gathered using a questionnaire with 26 questions designed by the researcher using the Genital Hygiene Behavior Inventory (GHBI). Results: There was no significant difference between the GHBI scores of the pregnant and nonpregnant women (p>0.05). Therefore, both groups were combined, and it was aimed to discover the factors associated with genital hygiene behaviours more effectively. A positive correlation between the GHBI scores and the monthly income was found, whereas there was a negative correlation between the GHBI scores and age, marriage age, number of pregnancies, and birth (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the GHBI scores and the educational status of the women and their husbands, the employment status of the women and the perceived income status (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of GHBI scores and the women's pain and/or bleeding experience during sexual intercourse, vaginal douching, and training on the hygiene of the genital area (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in genital hygiene behaviours between the pregnant and non-pregnant women. This may be attributed to the fact that the genital hygiene practices of women who did not have sufficient knowledge of genital hygiene before they became pregnant did not change during pregnancy. Therefore, we suggest that midwives provide both pregnant and non-pregnant women with training on genital hygiene.

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A descriptive study of douching practices in Turkish women

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Assessment of Cervical Cancer Risk in Women between 15 and 49 Years of Age: Case of Izmir

Assessment of Cervical Cancer Risk in Women between 15 and 49 Years of Age: Case of Izmir

Vaginal Douching Practices among Turkish Married Women

Factors associated with Genital Hygiene Behaviours in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Turkey

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