“…We identified eight types of inferences or interpretations, relating to internal states of agents (e.g., emotions or goals), external states of agents (e.g., occupation or social status), object or agent relations (e.g., ownership, relationships between agents), actions or events (e.g., what an agent is doing), context (e.g., the sociohistorical context), text features (i.e., the relation between the title and the painting), visual elements (e.g., interpreting the meaning of a color), and symbolism (e.g., the symbolic nature of an agent). The finding that participants made inferences and interpretations about the paintings is in line with previous literature on painting comprehension processes (e.g., Benton, 1992;Bruder & Ucok, 2000;Franklin, Becklin, & Doyle, 1993;Ishisaka & Takahashi, 2006;Koroscik, Short, Stavropoulos, & Fortin, 1992;Moore, 1973;Schmidt, McLaughlin, & Leighten, 1989;Stout, 1995).…”