A dataset for the perceived vulnerability to disease scale in Japan before the spread of COVID-19

Yamada, Yuki; Xu, Hao-Qin; Sasaki, Kyoshiro

doi:10.12688/f1000research.23713.1

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Interestingly, the mean PVD-score of our sample is nearly identical to the PVDQ score of a Japanese online-survey with comparable sociodemographic characteristics which was conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 (Yamada, Xu, & Sasaki, 2020). This unexpected result allows for several interpretations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Perceived vulnerability to disease, knowledge about COVID-19, and changes in preventive behavior during lockdown in a German convenience sample

2021

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The COVID-19 pandemic has called worldwide for strong governmental measures to contain its spread, associated with considerable psychological distress. This study aimed at screening a convenience sample in Germany during lockdown for perceived vulnerability to disease, knowledge about COVID-19, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and behavioral responses. In an online survey, 1358 participants completed the perceived vulnerability to disease scale (PVD), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4), and questionnaires on knowledge about COVID-19 and self-perceived change in behaviors in response to COVID-19. Lower and upper quartiles of the PVD were used to classify individuals into low and high PVD. A confirmatory factor analysis supported three factors representing risk, preventive and adaptive behavior as behavioral responses to COVID-19 lockdown. A structural equation model showed that the score of the knowledge scale significantly predicted the self-reported increase in adaptive and preventive behavior. The score in the PVD-subscale Perceived Infectability predicted a self-reported increase in preventive behavior, whereas the Germ Aversion score predicted a self-reported increase in preventive and a decrease in risk behavior. The score in PHQ-4 predicted a higher score in the perceived infectability and germ aversion subscales, and a self-reported decrease in adaptive behavior. Low-, medium- and high-PVD groups reported distinct patterns of behavior, knowledge, and mental health symptoms. This study shows that perceived vulnerability to disease is closely linked to preventive behaviors and may enhance adaptation to COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Perceived vulnerability to disease, knowledge about COVID-19, and changes in preventive behavior during lockdown in a German convenience sample

2021

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“…The PVD scale reflects ‘perceived infectability’, which is related to the beliefs of one's own susceptibility to infectious diseases, and ‘germ aversion’, which is related to an awareness of discomfort in situations with a high likelihood of infection from a pathogen. We measured the PVD scale scores and statistically compared the PVD scale scores collected in the present experiment with those collected before COVID-19 situation [ 18 ] as a check on the growing concern for infection. The comparison of the PVD scores between the current and non-pandemic situations should advance the discussion of the effect of self-related reminders based on the comparisons.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, to confirm that there was a significantly growing concern for infection during the COVID-19 pandemic, we used the PVD scale [ 16 , 17 ]. We used a dataset collected before COVID-19 that has been published elsewhere [ 18 ]. This dataset is not related to the main purpose of this study, the IP-intention scale, or the IP-behaviour scale, and none of the authors conducted any statistical analysis on this dataset.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it did not bias our interpretation of the newly acquired data. We statistically compared the PVD scale scores collected in the present study with those collected before COVID-19 [ 18 ] using a two-sample t -test and reported the t -values and p -values. If the mean present score was significantly higher, then we would interpret this as indicating that there was an increased concern for infection by COVID-19.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Warning ‘Don't spread’ versus ‘Don't be a spreader’ to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2020

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is threatening not only health but also life worldwide. It is important to encourage citizens to voluntarily practise infection-prevention (IP) behaviours such as social distancing and self-restraint. Previous research on social cognition suggested that emphasizing self-identity is key to changing a person's behaviour. The present study investigated whether reminders that highlight self-identity would be effective in changing intention and behaviour related to the COVID-19 outbreak, and hypothesized that those who read reminders highlighting self-identity (Don't be a spreader) would change IP intention and behaviour better than those who read ‘Don't spread’ or no reminder. We conducted a two-wave survey of the same participants with a one-week interval, during which we assigned one of three reminder conditions to the participants: ‘Don't spread’ (spreading condition), ‘Don't be a spreader’ (spreader condition) and no reminder (control condition). Participants marked their responses to IP intentions and actual behaviours each week based on the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare guidelines. While the results did not show significant differences between the conditions, the post hoc analyses showed significant equivalence in either IP intentions or behavioural scores. We discussed the results from the perspective of the effect size, ceiling effects and ways of manipulation checks as future methods with more effective persuasive messaging. Following in-principle acceptance, the approved Stage 1 version of this manuscript was pre-registered on the OSF at https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KZ5Y4. This pre-registration was performed prior to data collection and analysis.

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“…The lack of knowledge about the exact treatment of COVID -19 and the high transmission rates led to an increase in fear and concern among the population. With the rapid spread of the epidemic, society began to wash their hands more frequently, disinfect various items, use masks, and distance themselves from people (5) (12). Studies show that these protective behaviors are based on perceptions of high vulnerability to the disease (12).…”

Section: Infectiousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation Of The Validity And Reliability Of The Turkish Version Of The Perceived Vulnerability To Disease Scale

Ünal

ÖZLEM>

Gökler

2022

Osmangazi̇ Journal of Medicine

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The spread of communicable diseases and causing disease in many living things is defined as an epidemic. Epidemics lead to an increase in anxiety and fear levels in society. Studies show that disgust also promotes psychologically-based response behaviors that serve as the first line of defense against pathogens, especially in situations such as pandemics. All of these defensive responses are referred to as the "behavioral immune system". The behavioral immune system is involved in triggering perceived vulnerability to infectious disease (PVD). This system is hypersensitive to any sign that might represent a threat from a pathogen, thus minimizing the possibility of infection. Studies show that protective behaviors are based on perceptions of high vulnerability to the disease. This study aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of the PVD-S for Turkish society and language. The study is methodological research conducted between February and April 2021. The participants were university students studying at different faculties. In the reliability analysis of the Turkish version of the scale, the internal consistency of Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.712. Test-retest evaluation of the scale yielded an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.882 and a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.815. When content equivalent form validity was evaluated, it was found that there was a weak and positive correlation between the SAI and PVD-S scores (r=0.268; p=0.003). The total variance explained by the scale after EFA was calculated as 56.517% and it was found that the scale items were divided into 4 sub-dimensions (infection perception, infection perception reverse-scored, germ avoidance, germ avoidance reverse-scored) using the Varimax rotation method. According to the data we obtained as a result of our study, it appears that the Turkish version of the PVD-S has sufficient psychometric properties and has adequate validity and reliability, especially in the young population.

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A dataset for the perceived vulnerability to disease scale in Japan before the spread of COVID-19

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Perceived vulnerability to disease, knowledge about COVID-19, and changes in preventive behavior during lockdown in a German convenience sample

Perceived vulnerability to disease, knowledge about COVID-19, and changes in preventive behavior during lockdown in a German convenience sample

Warning ‘Don't spread’ versus ‘Don't be a spreader’ to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic

Evaluation Of The Validity And Reliability Of The Turkish Version Of The Perceived Vulnerability To Disease Scale

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