A cultura musical cubana em cinco décadas fecundas (1959-2010)

Abstract

T he TriumphanT revolution of 1959 unleashed a series of transcendental transformations in every sphere of the country's political, economic, social and cultural life -in the broadest sense of the term -, which radically and progressively reshaped the foundation and development of the Cuban nation and society in the last five decades. These processes were not without contradictions and even antagonisms arising from the emergence of the new system, which gradually rebuilt the State, economic structures and social relations, and reformulated its presence in culture, which until then relied on neo-colonial classist bases established and dominated by u.S. imperialism.The fact that the establishment of a new society without classes or essential inequalities in Cuba was unprecedented in Latin america, prompted a permanent and growing aggressive reaction by imperialism that continues to this day. Therefore, reversing this scenario has been, from the beginning, a requirement for survival. To that end, the revolutionary State enacted and implemented numerous new laws of all sorts, but the main ideological and cultural instrument used by the revolution in its strategy was the Literacy Campaign (1961), along with the creation of a new type of educational system focused on expanding the scope of general education and of the vocational, technical, scientific, ideological and cultural development of the people. This included, among other things, preparing, in different spheres, the new artists the nation needed for its development. at the same time, from its early days the revolutionary State has been interested in assisting, organizing, stimulating and disseminating art and its producers, in all its forms of expression, including amateur artists; a logistics scheme has been established for their creations and performances, together with the essential support for their dissemination among the masses. Thus, between periods of dialectic reaffirmation, reformulations and corrections, options were brought about between stages of upheaval and stability, which in culture have always been marked by a sign and eagerness on the part of cultural institutions, and especially of intellectuals and artists, to overcome obstacles.Culture is perhaps the field in which the effects that boost the set of revolutionary changes are more clearly multilaterally expressed, since culture, for