A Critical Review on the Synthesis and Application of Ion-Imprinted Polymers for Selective Preconcentration, Speciation, Removal and Determination of Trace and Essential Metals from Different Matrices

Novel Chemoresistive Sensor for Sensitive Detection of Pb2+ Ions Using an Interdigital Gold Electrode Fabricated with a Reduced Graphene Oxide-Based Ion-Imprinted Polymer

“…Electrochemical and optical sensing techniques have been used extensively for the detection of metal ions using chemically modified fabricated sensors not limited to the composites of IIPs. − These techniques possess attractive advantages such as low-cost instrumentation, excellent sensitivity, good selectivity, and ease of portability for detecting toxic metal ions in various samples . However, our study on the IIP–rGO-fabricated sensor for the chemoresistive detection of Pb 2+ ions with exceptional efficiency and selectivity is significant and presents a recent innovation in the development of chemical sensing technology.…”

Adsorptive Removal of Cd, Cu, Ni and Mn from Environmental Samples Using Fe3O4-Zro2@APS Nanocomposite: Kinetic and Equilibrium Isotherm Studies

“…Some of these heavy metals, namely, nickel, copper and manganese, are essential to living organisms, however, they are toxic when ingested in excess beyond maximum regulated levels [ 4 ]. On the other hand, heavy metals such as lead, and cadmium are known to be extremely toxic and hazardous to human health, even at trace levels [ 4 , 5 ]. Subsequently, these metals are known to have detrimental effects on metabolic processes of human beings and have also been classified as carcinogenic agents [ 4 ].…”

Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications on the Detection of Trace Metals in Environmental Water Samples

“…Globally, at least 2 billion people use a drinking water source contaminated with faeces, leading to the transmission of diseases such as; diarrhea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid, and polio, amongst others. It is well known that a class of essential trace elements, such as; zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se), chromium III (Cr), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), amongst others, play significant roles in nutrition balance and other biological aspects [ 7 , 8 ]. However, their excessive ingestion above the maximum permitted guidelines provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) may lead to various adverse effects ranging from acute to chronic impacts, depending on the type, species and level of exposure [ 9 , 10 ].…”

“…However, their excessive ingestion above the maximum permitted guidelines provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) may lead to various adverse effects ranging from acute to chronic impacts, depending on the type, species and level of exposure [ 9 , 10 ]. Another class of toxic trace metals, comprised of mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), thallium (TI), tin (Sn), antimony (Sb) and lead (Pb), amongst others, are poisonous and provide minimal health benefits even at trace levels [ 7 , 11 ]. To avoid a trace metal-based catastrophe, the amount of trace metals, predominantly toxic trace metals, in environmental water bodies ought to be frequently monitored and regulated.…”