A critical review of the contribution of eye movement recordings to the neuropsychology of obsessive compulsive disorder

Jaafari, Nématollah; Rigalleau, François; Rachid, Fady; Delamillieure, Pascal; Millet, Bruno; Olié, Jean‐Pierre; Gil, Roger; Rotgé, Jean-Yves; Vibert, Nicolas

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01721.x

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Based on the knowledge that cortical areas driving predictive saccades overlap with circuits involved in the pathophysiology of OCD (ie, pathways from prefrontal areas to the basal ganglia),98,99 most of the studies tried to investigate if OCD patients have some deficit in the eye movement. Four studies investigated SPEM in OCD patients 47–49,51.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saccadic eye movement applications for psychiatric disorders

Bittencourt¹,

Velasques²,

Teixeira³

et al. 2013

NDT

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ObjectiveThe study presented here analyzed the patterns of relationship between oculomotor performance and psychopathology, focusing on depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety disorder.MethodsScientific articles published from 1967 to 2013 in the PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge, Cochrane, and SciELO databases were reviewed.ResultsSaccadic eye movement appears to be heavily involved in psychiatric diseases covered in this review via a direct mechanism. The changes seen in the execution of eye movement tasks in patients with psychopathologies of various studies confirm that eye movement is associated with the cognitive and motor system.ConclusionSaccadic eye movement changes appear to be heavily involved in the psychiatric disorders covered in this review and may be considered a possible marker of some disorders. The few existing studies that approach the topic demonstrate a need to improve the experimental paradigms, as well as the methods of analysis. Most of them report behavioral variables (latency/reaction time), though electrophysiological measures are absent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saccadic eye movement applications for psychiatric disorders

Bittencourt¹,

Velasques²,

Teixeira³

et al. 2013

NDT

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“…As described, OCD patients exhibit impairments in working memory 67. While working memory tasks seem to activate similar brain networks in OCD and healthy controls, OCD patients seem to overcompensate for their working memory impairments with increased dorsolateral (dlPFC) activations 68,69.…”

Section: Results Of Studies Targeting Ocd Mind–brain Signatures With mentioning

confidence: 65%

Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Gonçalves¹,

Batistuzzo²,

Sato³

2017

NDT

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The current literature provides substantial evidence of brain alterations associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms (eg, checking, cleaning/decontamination, counting compulsions; harm or sexual, symmetry/exactness obsessions), and emotional problems (eg, defensive/appetitive emotional imbalance, disgust, guilt, shame, and fear learning/extinction) and cognitive impairments associated with this disorder (eg, inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility). Building on this evidence, new clinical trials can now target specific brain regions/networks. Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI) was introduced as a new therapeutic tool for the self-regulation of brain–mind. In this review, we describe initial trials testing the use of rtfMRI to target brain regions associated with specific OCD symptoms (eg, contamination), and other mind–brain processes (eg, cognitive – working memory, inhibitory control, emotional – defensive, appetitive systems, fear reduction through counter-conditioning) found impaired in OCD patients. While this is a novel topic of research, initial evidence shows the promise of using rtfMRI in training the self-regulation of brain regions and mental processes associated with OCD. Additionally, studies with healthy populations have shown that individuals can regulate brain regions associated with cognitive and emotional processes found impaired in OCD. After the initial “proof-of-concept” stage, there is a need to follow up with controlled clinical trials that could test rtfMRI innovative treatments targeting brain regions and networks associated with different OCD symptoms and cognitive-emotional impairments.

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“…In a recent review of eye movement studies in OCD, the authors concluded that pursuit deficits in this clinical population “are much less robust and systematic” than in schizophrenia, and speculated that this difference may be due to the greater involvement of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia vs. orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex in OCD (Jaafari et al, 2011). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of putative intermediate phenotypes in schizophrenia patients with and without obsessive-compulsive disorder: Examining evidence for the schizo-obsessive subtype

Docherty

Coleman

et al. 2012

Schizophrenia Research

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Obsessive-compulsive symptoms or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are estimated to occur in up to 30% of patients with schizophrenia. Whether this subgroup of patients is cognitively, affectively, or physiologically distinct remains unclear. 204 schizophrenia patients, 15 who also met criteria for a diagnosis of OCD, and 147 healthy controls were examined on several intermediate phenotypes. The patient groups did not differ from each other except that the co-morbid group exhibited an elevated rate of eye-tracking dysfunction. Results suggest that OCD-co-morbid patients did not comprise a distinct subgroup based on the measures studied here, although systematic assessment of larger cohorts is warranted.

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A critical review of the contribution of eye movement recordings to the neuropsychology of obsessive compulsive disorder

Abstract: As in schizophrenia and autism, eye movement recordings during more complex tasks might help to better characterize the cognitive deficits associated with OCD. Such recordings may reveal specific OCD-related deficits that could be used as reliable diagnostic and/or classification tools.

Cited by 22 publications

References 78 publications

Saccadic eye movement applications for psychiatric disorders

Saccadic eye movement applications for psychiatric disorders

Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Comparison of putative intermediate phenotypes in schizophrenia patients with and without obsessive-compulsive disorder: Examining evidence for the schizo-obsessive subtype

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