Saccadic eye movement applications for psychiatric disorders

Bittencourt, Juliana; Velasques, Bruna; Teixeira, Silmar; Basile, Luis; Salles, José Inácio; Nardi, Antônio Egídio; Budde, Henning; Cagy, Maurício; Piedade, Roberto; Ribeiro, Pedro

doi:10.2147/ndt.s45931

Cited by 55 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Activity here is negatively related to saccade latency, such that the higher the activity of the SC, the faster the saccade to a target (Bittencourt et al, 2013). Activity here is negatively related to saccade latency, such that the higher the activity of the SC, the faster the saccade to a target (Bittencourt et al, 2013).…”

Section: Smooth Pursuit and Saccadesmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…This technique is particularly fitted to ED populations, given the body checking behaviors often seen in this group. This would also be helpful in making comparisons across psychiatric disorders (Bittencourt et al, 2013;Rommelse, Van der Stigchel, & Sergeant, 2008). For example, protocols have been developed for studying saccadic eye-movements in order to improve reproducibility (Nij Bivjank et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some saccadic intrusions occur during fixation in the healthy population, increased rates have been found in both neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders (Bittencourt et al, 2013;Terao, Fukuda, & Hikosaka, 2017). While some saccadic intrusions occur during fixation in the healthy population, increased rates have been found in both neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders (Bittencourt et al, 2013;Terao, Fukuda, & Hikosaka, 2017).…”

Section: Smooth Pursuit and Saccadesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye‐tracking research in eating disorders: A systematic review

Kerr-Gaffney

Harrison

Tchanturia

2018

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective: Those with eating disorders (EDs) show attentional biases to disorder-relevant stimuli, such as food and body shape information. However, attentional bias research in EDs largely relies on reaction time based measures, which are limited in their ability to assess different components and the time course of attention. Eye-tracking paradigms have therefore been utilized to provide greater ecological validity, and directly capture the detailed sequence of processes in perception and attention. While numerous studies have examined eye movements in the mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders, there has been a lack of studies in EDs. The purpose of this qualitative review is to provide a summary of eye-tracking studies in clinical ED populations.Method: The review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic databases were systematically searched to identify studies examining gaze parameters in ED compared to healthy controls (HCs). Thirty-one studies met inclusion criteria.Results: Across ED diagnoses, there was evidence of attentional biases towards food and body stimuli. In addition, differential patterns of attention to social information, and differences in smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movements were found in anorexia nervosa (AN).Discussion: Findings are discussed in relation to research in other psychiatric disorders, and recommendations for future studies using eye-tracking in EDs are given. The findings add to the wider literature on attentional biases in EDs, and provide potential avenues for treatment.Discusión: Los hallazgos se discuten en relación con la investigación en otros trastornos psiquiátricos, y se dan recomendaciones para futuros estudios que utilizan el seguimiento ocular en los TCA. Los hallazgos se suman a la literatura más amplia sobre los sesgos de atención en los TCA y proporcionan posibles vías para el tratamiento. K E Y W O R D Sattentional biases, body image, eating disorders, eye gaze, eye movements, social perception

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Section: Smooth Pursuit and Saccadesmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Smooth Pursuit and Saccadesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye‐tracking research in eating disorders: A systematic review

Kerr-Gaffney

Harrison

Tchanturia

2018

Intl J Eating Disorders

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“…Previous studies have suggested that depression and other mood disorders are also associated with objective abnormalities in saccades, smooth pursuits, and visual processing. 5,33,38 Therefore, future studies are needed to evaluate whether baseline characteristics of vestibulo-ocular function among females and those with depression place these populations at an elevated risk of developing VOD following SRC. The results of this study are consistent with our previous study 12 and provide confirmatory evidence that VOD is commonly detected among pediatric patients with acute SRC and PCS and is associated with prolonged recovery and an elevated risk of developing PCS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical predictors of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion

Ellis

Cordingley²,

Vis³

et al. 2017

PED

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OBJECTIVE There were 2 objectives of this study. The first objective was to identify clinical variables associated with vestibulo-ocular dysfunction (VOD) detected at initial consultation among pediatric patients with acute sports-related concussion (SRC) and postconcussion syndrome (PCS). The second objective was to reexamine the prevalence of VOD in this clinical cohort and evaluate the effect of VOD on length of recovery and the development of PCS. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted for all patients with acute SRC and PCS who were evaluated at a pediatric multidisciplinary concussion program from September 2013 to May 2015. Acute SRS was defined as presenting < 30 days postinjury, and PCS was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision criteria and included being symptomatic 30 days or longer postinjury. The initial assessment included clinical history and physical examination performed by 1 neurosurgeon. Patients were assessed for VOD, defined as the presence of more than 1 subjective vestibular and oculomotor complaint (dizziness, diplopia, blurred vision, etc.) and more than 1 objective physical examination finding (abnormal near point of convergence, smooth pursuits, saccades, or vestibulo-ocular reflex testing). Poisson regression analysis was used to identify factors that increased the risk of VOD at initial presentation and the development of PCS. RESULTS Three hundred ninety-nine children, including 306 patients with acute SRC and 93 with PCS, were included. Of these patients, 30.1% of those with acute SRC (65.0% male, mean age 13.9 years) and 43.0% of those with PCS (41.9% male, mean age 15.4 years) met the criteria for VOD at initial consultation. Independent predictors of VOD at initial consultation included female sex, preinjury history of depression, posttraumatic amnesia, and presence of dizziness, blurred vision, or difficulty focusing at the time of injury. Independent predictors of PCS among patients with acute SRC included the presence of VOD at initial consultation, preinjury history of depression, and posttraumatic amnesia at the time of injury. CONCLUSIONS This study identified important potential risk factors for the development of VOD following pediatric SRC. These results provide confirmatory evidence that VOD at initial consultation is associated with prolonged recovery and is an independent predictor for the development of PCS. Future studies examining clinical prediction rules in pediatric concussion should include VOD. Additional research is needed to elucidate the natural history of VOD following SRC and establish evidence-based indications for targeted vestibular rehabilitation.

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“…Given that eye movement statistics are altered in subjects with autism [38], attention deficit [39] or other neurological disorders [40], applying information theoretic analyses to these eye movements statistics could turn them into a powerful diagnostics for a variety of neurological disorders.…”

Section: Distribution Of Maximally Informative Eye Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On texture, form, and fixational eye movements

Sharpee

2017

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

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Recent studies show that small movements of the eye that occur during fixation are controlled in the brain by similar neural mechanisms as large eye movements. Information theory has been successful in explaining many properties of large eye movements. Could it also help us understand the smaller eye movements that are much more difficult to study experimentally? Here I describe new predictions for how small amplitude fixational eye movements should be modulated by visual context in order to improve visual perception. In particular, the amplitude of fixational eye movements is predicted to differ when localizing edges defined by changes in texture or luminance.

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Saccadic eye movement applications for psychiatric disorders

Cited by 55 publications

References 95 publications

Eye‐tracking research in eating disorders: A systematic review

Eye‐tracking research in eating disorders: A systematic review

Clinical predictors of vestibulo-ocular dysfunction in pediatric sports-related concussion

On texture, form, and fixational eye movements

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