A continuous-level memristor emulator and its application in a multivibrator circuit

Abuelma’atti, Muhammad Taher; Khalifa, Zainulabideen Jamal

doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2014.12.011

Cited by 99 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Note that circuit realization of this model for the purpose of emulating its pinched hysteresis behavior in non-solid-state devices requires a multiplier block, an integrator block, and an adder [6]. Several other emulator circuits have recently been proposed in the literature [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. It is important to note that (1) is nonlinear due to the multiplication term and that pinched hysteresis cannot appear in a linear system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS Realization of All-Positive Pinched Hysteresis Loops

2017

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Two novel nonlinear circuits that exhibit an all-positive pinched hysteresis loop are proposed. These circuits employ two NMOS transistors, one of which operates in its triode region, in addition to two first-order filter sections. We show the equivalency to a charge-controlled resistance (memristance) in a decremental state via detailed analysis. Simulation and experimental results verify the proposed theory. IntroductionPinched hysteresis was proposed to be a signature of memristive devices [1,2], yet it can also be observed in several other nonlinear devices such as nonlinear inductors (capacitors) with quadratic-type current (voltage) dependence [3]. Finding a general model for pinched hysteresis behavior was attempted in [4] for specific devices labeled as memristors [5]. In [6] and from a simplified mathematical point of view, the following model was proposed and shown to exhibit a pinched hysteresis behavior which can fit both chargecontrolled and flux-controlled memristance definitions:where if ( ) = V( ) and ( ) = ( ), the chargecontrolled memristance is obtained, while for the alternative setting ( ) = ( ) and ( ) = V( ), the flux-controlled memristance is obtained. In (1), the constants and are scaling and integration time constants, respectively. Note that circuit realization of this model for the purpose of emulating its pinched hysteresis behavior in non-solid-state devices requires a multiplier block, an integrator block, and an adder [6]. Several other emulator circuits have recently been proposed in the literature [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. It is important to note that (1) is nonlinear due to the multiplication term and that pinched hysteresis cannot appear in a linear system. It is also possible to include other forms of nonlinearity that apply to the shaping of the loop as a result of shaping the applied excitation. This means replacing ( ) in (1) more generally with ( ( )). Pinched hysteresis loop is generally observed as a result of applying a bipolar sinusoidal voltage or current excitation signal and is thus symmetrical around the origin. Nonsymmetrical loops can also be obtained when the pinch point is shifted away from the origin. However, an all-positive pinched loop, to the best of our knowledge, has not been demonstrated before. It is the purpose of this work to introduce two simple circuits where this behavior is observed. We rely on the inherent nonlinearity of a MOS transistor to perform the multiplication operation required by (1) in order to obtain a charge-controlled memristance. Recall that a MOS transistor current-voltage relation can be described by

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS Realization of All-Positive Pinched Hysteresis Loops

2017

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“…Therefore, any device is a memristor or a memristive device when it has a current-voltage hysteresis curve with identical zero crossing. However, until today, all the memristor emulator circuits reported in the literature [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] are operating in low-frequency and some of them present a deviation of the crossing point on the origin. This behaviour is more evident when the operating frequency of the stimulus signal increases, and hence, the emulator circuit does not only stop mimicking the behaviour of the memristor, but also reduces its application range.…”

Section: Offset Compensationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth to stress that the transformation methodology is only applicable for those topologies where the integrator circuit is clearly defined, and when it is replaced by a differentiator circuit, the behaviour of the resulting emulator circuit, in general, is not modified. However, floating and grounded non-linear resistor emulator circuits without this requirement have also been reported in the literature [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. One example of them was shown in Figure 7(a).…”

Section: Transformation Of Normal Non-linear Resistors To Inversementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, an efficient and effective online tuning mechanism is widely demanded. This last task can be achieved by using a memristor/memductor, since its memristance/memductance can be kept even when the current flow in the memristor/memductor is stopped [1,[28][29][30][31][32][33]35]. This property asserts that it is possible to update the parameters of a continuous PID controller online, i.e.…”

Section: Proportional-integral-derivative (Pid) Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other interesting topologies were reported in [25,26], where digital and analogue mixed circuits were used. More recently, other active devices such as current feedback operational amplifiers, positive second-generation current conveyors (CCII+) and differential difference current conveyor, see [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] and the references cited therein, have also been used to design a memristor emulator circuit. However, some of them not only become complex and bulky, requiring rigid conditions to operate, but also some emulators do not exhibit those fingerprints that are useful to affirm that the emulator circuit is a memristor or memristive device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Memristor Emulator Circuit Design and Applications

Sánchez–López¹,

Carro-Pérez²,

Gómez³

et al. 2018

Memristor and Memristive Neural Networks

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This chapter introduces a design guide of memristor emulator circuits, from conceptual idea until experimental tests. Three topologies of memristor emulator circuits in their incremental and decremental versions are analysed and designed at low and high frequency. The behavioural model of each topology is derived and programmed at SIMULINK under the MATLAB environment. An offset compensation technique is also described in order to achieve the frequency-dependent pinched hysteresis loop that is on the origin and when the memristor emulator circuit is operating at high frequency. Furthermore, from these topologies, a technique to transform normal non-linear resistors to inverse non-linear resistors is also addressed. HSPICE numerical simulations for each topology are also shown. Finally, three real analogue applications based on memristors are analysed and explained at the behavioural level of abstraction.

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New grounded and floating memristor emulators using OTA and CDBA

Yadav

Kumar

Pandey

2020

Circuit Theory & Apps

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SummaryIn this paper, grounded and floating decremental/incremental memristor emulators have been proposed by using an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA), and a grounded capacitor. The proposed memristor emulators are simpler in design over most of the realizations of memristor emulators available in the literature. The proposed configurations of grounded and floating decremental memristor emulators can be easily converted into grounded and floating incremental memristor emulators. The pinched hysteresis loops obtained from proposed memristor emulators are maintained up to 1‐MHz frequency in both decremental and incremental configurations. Simulation results have been obtained using a Mentor Graphics Eldo simulation tool in 0.18‐μm complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology parameters. Analog filters have also been designed to verify the performance of proposed grounded and floating memristor emulators.

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A continuous-level memristor emulator and its application in a multivibrator circuit

Cited by 99 publications

References 10 publications

CMOS Realization of All-Positive Pinched Hysteresis Loops

CMOS Realization of All-Positive Pinched Hysteresis Loops

Memristor Emulator Circuit Design and Applications

New grounded and floating memristor emulators using OTA and CDBA

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