A Comprehensive Survey on Phasor Measurement Unit Applications in Distribution Systems

Abstract

Synchrophasor technology opens a new window for power system observability. Phasor measurement units (PMUs) are able to provide synchronized and accurate data such as frequency, voltage and current phasors, vibration, and temperature for power systems. Thus, the utilization of PMUs has become quite important in the fast monitoring, protection, and even the control of new and complicated distribution systems. However, data quality and communication are the main concerns for synchrophasor applications. This study presents a comprehensive survey on wide-area monitoring systems (WAMSs), PMUs, data quality, and communication requirements for the main applications of PMUs in a modern and smart distribution system with a variety of energy resources and loads. In addition, the main challenges for PMU applications as well as opportunities for the future use of this intelligent device in distribution systems will be presented in this paper.

Wide area monitoring, protection, and control application in islanding detection for grid integrated distributed generation: A review

“…This method relies on the assumption that a recloser has a transmitter which sends a disconnection signal to the DG in a case of loss of mains, this method is known to have negligible NDZ but its greatest limitations are high implementation costs, hardware issues, and low reliability due to communication failure. 69 SCADA deploys voltage sensors through the DG network and those sensors feed the SCADA system parameters for real-time monitoring and raise islanding alarms. 69 However in recent literature, PDCs demonstrates protection and control abilities the grid at both distribution and transmission levels, thus saves time and protection decision and actions are taken quickly, thereby eliminating the need to directly send all the data to the SCADA or Energy management systems (EMS) as it is sufficient and fast to send an alarm online to higher levels and further information for event playback and system data storage can be distributed later.…”

Invited Paper: Perishable Data in Smart Communities

“…Vehicles moving at 100 kph change their position by almost 3 cm/ms. Microgrid fault detection and localization via synchronphasor requires a 10 ms response time and a time accuracy of 32 μs [30].…”

A Virtual Tool for Load Flow Analysis in a Micro-Grid

“…As regards measurement instrumentation, several kinds of equipment are considered, such as smart meters and sensors, power quality analyzers, phasor measurement units (PMUs) and micro-PMUs (µPMUs), and so on, which can be more or less suitable, depending on the considered distribution system management applications and the particular characteristics of the considered network. In particular, many recent researches have been focused on PMUs and µPMUs for distribution network monitoring, control and diagnostic applications [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. However, such solutions can be unsuitable for small island micro-grids, because power lines are short and/or the intrinsic costs of such instrumentation are high.…”