A Comprehensive Study of a Hybrid Modulation Technique for the Neutral-Point-Clamped Converter

Zaragoza, Jordi; Pou, Josep; Ceballos, Salvador; Robles, Eider; Ibaez, P.; Villate, J.L.

doi:10.1109/tie.2008.2005132

Cited by 150 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…According to the hybrid modulation (HM) concept, one leg is turned on at a higher frequency and the other leg is turned on at grid frequency [50,51]. For the positive and negative output currents, the AC voltage can be produced as described in Figure 6.…”

Section: Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Recent Advances and Future Trends of Transformerless Inverter Structures for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The research significance of various scientific aspects of photovoltaic (PV) systems has increased over the past decade. Grid-tied inverters the vital elements for the effective interface of Renewable Energy Resources (RER) and utility in the distributed generation system. Currently, Single-Phase Transformerless Grid-Connected Photovoltaic (SPTG-CPV) inverters (1-10 kW) are undergoing further developments, with new designs, and interest of the solar market. In comparison to the transformer (TR) Galvanic Isolation (GI)-based inverters, its advantageous features are lower cost, lighter weight, smaller volume, higher efficiency, and less complexity. In this paper, a review of SPTG-CPV inverters has been carried out. The basic operational principles of all SPTG-CPV inverters are presented in details for positive, negative, and zero cycles. A comprehensive analysis of each topology has been deliberated. A comparative assessment is also performed based on weaknesses, strengths, component ratings, efficiency, total harmonic distortion (THD), semiconductor device losses, and leakage current of various SPTG-CPV inverters schemes. Typical PV inverter structures and control schemes for grid connected three-phase system and single-phase systems are also discussed, described, and reviewed. Comparison of various industrial grids-connected PV inverters is also performed. Loss analysis is also performed for various topologies at 1 kW. Selection of appropriate topologies for their particular application is thoroughly presented. Then, discussion and forthcoming progress are emphasized. Lastly, the conclusions are presented. More than 100 research publications on the topic of SPTG-CPV inverter topologies, configurations, and control schematics along with the recent developments are thoroughly reviewed and classified for quick reference.

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Section: Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Recent Advances and Future Trends of Transformerless Inverter Structures for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

et al. 2018

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“…Furthermore, since there is always one phase-leg that is not switching for some intervals, the average switching frequency of the power devices is reduced and thus the switching power losses of the converter. Multiple discontinuous modulation techniques have been studied and developed for two-level converters [29], [30] and multilevel converters [31], [32].…”

Section: Discontinuous Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closed-Loop Discontinuous Modulation Technique for Capacitor Voltage Ripples and Switching Losses Reduction in Modular Multilevel Converters

Picas

Ceballos

Pou

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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In this paper, a new discontinuous modulation technique is presented for the operation of the modular multilevel converter (MMC). The modulation technique is based on adding a zero-sequence to the original modulation signals so that the MMC arms are clamped to the upper or lower terminals of the dc-link bus.The clamping intervals are controlled according to the absolute value of the output current to minimize the switching losses of the MMC. A significant reduction in the capacitor voltage ripples is achieved, especially when operating with low modulation indices. Furthermore, a circulating current control strategy suitable for this modulation technique is also proposed. Simulation and experimental results under various operating points are reported along with evaluation and comparison results against a conventional carrier-based pulse-width modulation method.

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“…In particular [34] establishes a correlation between SVPWM and CBPWM, and based on that correlation, a method to directly determine the zero-sequence voltage injection is proposed. Thirdly, there are those methods where some phases of the converter are forced to commutate between multiple voltage levels in each modulation period to achieve NP voltage balance [39]- [41]. These methods are able to completely cancel the low-frequency NP voltage oscillations; however, this is achieved at the cost of decreasing the efficiency of the converter and the quality of the output voltage waveforms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized PWM-Based Method for Multiphase Neutral-Point-Clamped Converters With Capacitor Voltage Balance Capability

López

Ceballos

Pou

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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This paper presents a generalized PWM-based control algorithm for multiphase neutral-point-clamped (NPC) converters. The proposed algorithm provides a zero-sequence to be added to the reference voltages that contributes to improve the performance of the converter by: i) regulating the neutral-point (NP) current to eliminate/attenuate the low-frequency NP voltage ripples, ii) reducing the switching losses of the power semiconductors and iii) maximizing the range of modulation indices for linear operation mode. The control method is formulated following a carrier-based PWM approach. Hence, dealing with complex space-vector diagrams to solve the modulation problem for multiphase converters is avoided. The recursive approach means that it can be easily extended to n-phase converters without increasing the complexity and computational burden, making it especially attractive for digital implementation. The proposed method allows regulating the NP voltage without the need for external controllers; therefore, no parameter tuning is required. The algorithm has been tested in a four-leg NPC converter prototype performing as a three-and four-phase system and operating with balanced and unbalanced loads. Index TermsCarrier-based pulse-width modulation, multiphase multilevel converter, neutral-point-clamped converter, capacitor voltage balance.

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A Comprehensive Study of a Hybrid Modulation Technique for the Neutral-Point-Clamped Converter

Cited by 150 publications

References 28 publications

A Review on Recent Advances and Future Trends of Transformerless Inverter Structures for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

A Review on Recent Advances and Future Trends of Transformerless Inverter Structures for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

Closed-Loop Discontinuous Modulation Technique for Capacitor Voltage Ripples and Switching Losses Reduction in Modular Multilevel Converters

Generalized PWM-Based Method for Multiphase Neutral-Point-Clamped Converters With Capacitor Voltage Balance Capability

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