A comprehensive evaluation of the testicular toxicity of dichlorvos in Wistar rats

Okamura, Ai; Kamijima, Michihiro; Shibata, Eiji; Ohtani, Kazuhiro; Takagi, Kenji; Ueyama, Jun; Watanabe, Yukari; Omura, Masaaki; Wang, Hailan; Ichihara, Gaku; Kondo, Takaaki; Nakajima, Tamie

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.05.015

Cited by 117 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This content was diluted 5 times with 2.9% sodium citrate dihydrate solution and thoroughly mixed to estimate the sperm concentration (Bearden and Fuquay, 1980). One drop of the suspension was smeared on a glass slide and stained by Eosin Nigrosin stain to determine the viability and sperm abnormalities using the criteria of Okamura et al,(2005).…”

Section: 6sperm Concentration and Morphology Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Garlic Powder Attenuates Apoptosis Associated with Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Nasr¹,

Elmadawy²,

Almadaly³

et al. 2017

AJVS

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Key words:Lead toxicity, apoptosis, male rat, testis, garlic Lead is a highly prevalent heavy metal pollutant in human and animals which has various toxicological effects on the different organs including reproductive system on particular aspect the male testis. Lead (Pb) exposure enhances the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which negatively affect testis structure and functions. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of garlic supplement on daily basis and its prophylactic possibility against lead acetate induced testicular dysfunction. Thirty two adult male rats were divided to four groups, eight animals per each. All animals were maintained under standard laboratory conditions with free access to suitable diet and water supply. The 1 st group was supplied with water and diet and kept without further treatment as a negative control. The 2 nd group was treated by lead acetate( 50mg/L) daily in drinking water as a positive control. The 3 rd group was administered commercial garlic powder preparation only (200 mg/kg b.w.) by stomach tube. The 4 th group was co-treated with lead acetate in drinking water plus garlic in same doses by stomach tube. Then, all animals were scarified after 42 days for clean excision of epididymis and testes. Semen was collected and analyzed for count, motility and viability. Testicular tissues sections were prepared, stained and examined. Oxidative stress markers, SOD and MDA were determined in testicular tissue homogenate. Immunostaining was carried out on sections of testicular tissue for detection of proapoptotic markers caspase-3 and Bax expression. Finally, the level of expression of Bcl-2 and p53 genes was measured in testicular tissue samples as well. The data summary obtained from co treated group signified the protective effect of garlic against potential lead acetate induced undesired testicular apoptosis.

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Section: 6sperm Concentration and Morphology Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Garlic Powder Attenuates Apoptosis Associated with Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Nasr¹,

Elmadawy²,

Almadaly³

et al. 2017

AJVS

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“…There is general agreement that DDVP is genotoxic in vitro (Booth et al, 2007). Literature also cites DDVP toxicity to humans which includes dose-dependent decrease in human erythrocyte cholinesterase activity and sperm motility based on the urinary concentration of dimethyl phosphate, a urine metabolite of DDVP (Okamura et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective role of vitamins C and E in diclorvos-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes in vitro

et al. 2013

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Organophosphate (OP) pesticides such as dichlorvos (DDVP) intoxication has been shown to produce oxidative stress due to the generation of free radicals, which alter the antioxidant defense system in erythrocytes. In this study, the eff ects of DDVP (1, 10, 100 μM) or DDVP + vitamin C (VC; 10 μM) or vitamin E (VE; 30 μM), on the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in human erythrocytes were examined in vitro. There were no statistical diff erences between all groups for 1 μM concentration of DDVP. Treatment with DDVP alone produced an increase in the level of MDA and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes (P < 0.05). Groups treated with vitamins and DDVP showed protective eff ects of vitamins against DDVP-induced changes in antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation (LPO) (10 μM). At 100 μM concentration of DDVP vitamins had no eff ect on DDVP-induced toxicity. The results show that administration of DDVP resulted in the induction of erythrocyte LPO and alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities, suggesting that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be involved in the toxic eff ects of DDVP. Also the data show that the plasma level of VC and VE may ameliorate OP-induced oxidative stress by decreasing LPO in erythrocytes at certain doses of OP pesicides.

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“…Diklorvos karaciğer, beyin ve kas gibi dokularda, eritrositlerde ve plazmada KE aktivitesinde azalmaya sebep olmaktadır. [16,17] OF'lar ile zehirlenmenin tanısı ve hastaların takibi klinik belirtiler, KE düzeyleri, atropin ve oksim tedavisine cevaba göre yapılmaktadır. [18] Daha önce diklorvos ve methidation ile yapılan bazı çalışma-larda uzun dönem maruziyete bağlı toksisite sonrası serum ve değişik dokulardaki KE aktivitesinde anlamlı düşüşün gö-rüldüğü bildirilmiştir.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

The favorable effects of vitamin E added on treatment of experimental acute organophosphate toxicity

et al. 2011

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ÖZET AmaçPestisit zehirlenmelerinde reaktif oksijen türevlerinin artmış üretimi-ne bağlı olarak oksidatif stres geliştiği bildirilmiştir. Doku ROS seviyeleri doku hasarının en önemli göstergelerindendir. Bu çalışmada, akut organofosfat (OF) zehirlenmesinde ek olarak kullanılacak E vitamininin tedavisinin kandaki ve karaciğer dokusundaki kolin esteraz (KE) ve malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyleri üzerine etkilerini araştır-mak ve sadece antidot tedavisi verilen grup ile karşılaştırarak OF zehirlenmesi tedavisinde kullanılıp kullanılamayacağını belirlemektir. Gereç ve YöntemÇalışmada 20 Yeni Zelanda cinsi tavşan randomize olarak sham (n=8), pralidoksim (PAM)+atropin (n=6) ve E vitamini (n=6) olarak 3 gruba ayrıldı. Her denekten toksisite öncesi plazma KE, serum ve eritrosit MDA değerlerini ölçmek için kan örnekleri alındıktan sonra orogastrik yoldan 50 mg/kg 2.2-diklorvinil dimetil fosfat verildi. PAM+atropin grubundaki deneklere 30 mg/kg IV bolus, ardından 15 mg/kg PAM ve 0.05 mg/kg atropin her 4 saatte İV verildi. E vitamini grubundaki deneklere benzer atropin ve PAM tedavisine ilaveten 250 mg/kg E vitamini tek doz İM uygulandı. Deneklerden tedavi başlatıldıktan sonra 12. ve 24. saatlerde kan örnekleri alındı. Tüm deneklerden aynı parametreleri değerlendirmek üzere karaciğer dokusu örnekleri alındı. Denekler yüksek dozda İV anestezik verilerek sakrifiye edildiler. Bulgular E vitamini grubunun eritrosit MDA'sı PAM+atropin grubundan anlamlı düşük (p=0.003) tespit edildi. E vitamini grubunun karaciğer dokusundaki KE düzeyi PAM+atropin grubundan anlamlı olarak yük-sekti (p<0.001). E vitamini grubundaki tavşanların karaciğer doku MDA'sı PAM-atropin grubundan anlamlı olarak düşüktü (p<0.001). SonuçAkut OF zehirlenmesinde antidot tedavisine eklenen E vitamininin hem eritrosit ve karaciğer dokusu lipid peroksidasyonu üzeri-ne hem de karaciğer dokusu KE aktivitesi üzerine iyileştirici etkisi vardır.Anahtar sözcükler: E vitamini; kolinesteraz; malondialdehit; oksimler; organofosfor. SUMMARY Objectives Oxidative stress by increased production of reactive oxygen species has been implicated in the toxicity of many pesticides. The tissue levels of ROS are one of the most important indicator of tissue injury. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of vitamin E treatment in acute organophosphate poisoning (AOP) on choline esterase (CE) and Malondialdehit (MDA) levels in the liver tissue and blood and to compare with antidote treatment. Methods Twenty New Zaeland type rabbits were divided into randomly three groups as sham (n=8), pralidoxime (PAM)+atropine (n=6), and vitamin E (n=6

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A comprehensive evaluation of the testicular toxicity of dichlorvos in Wistar rats

Cited by 117 publications

References 18 publications

Garlic Powder Attenuates Apoptosis Associated with Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Garlic Powder Attenuates Apoptosis Associated with Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Protective role of vitamins C and E in diclorvos-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes in vitro

The favorable effects of vitamin E added on treatment of experimental acute organophosphate toxicity

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