“…Some measures were formulated or adapted specifically for the study, and only a few were used in more than one study, for example, Goal Attainment Scaling (Eklund, 1999;Hayes, Halford, & Varghese, 1991;Schwartzberg, Howe, & McDermott, 1983) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (Dobson, McDougall, Busheikin, & Aldous, 1995). Analysis of the outcome measures used highlights a need for sourcing and developing measures that are effective, valid, and reliable in describing and measuring occupational therapy outcomes in mental health (Craik et al, 1998;Department of Health [UK], 1999;Rebeiro, 1998) because the use of tools that lack reliability and validity has implications for the applicability of these studies' results.…”