A comparison of sample handling and analytical methods for determination of acid volatile sulfides in sediment

Acid volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metals in the sediment cores of the Pearl River Estuary, South China

“…Upon exposure to air, a significant proportion of AVS can be transformed to other phases (Lasorsa and Casas, 1996). The depth of O 2 penetration in the sediment depends on its downward diffusion from overlying water (Song and Mu¨ller, 1999).…”

Corrigendum to “Assessment of sediment quality in two important areas of mariculture in the Bohai Sea and the northern Yellow Sea based on acid-volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metal results” [Mar. Pollut. Bull. 72 (2013) 281–288]

“…The AVS concentration of sediment is a product of the equilibrium between the generation and loss of sulfide as a result of oxidation or diffusion (Lasorsa and Casas, 1996;Oehm et al, 1997). Therefore, the AVS content in sediment may vary with the factors that affect the rate of sulfate reduction, the sediment redox status and other variables (Oehm et al, 1997;Prica et al, 2008).…”

“…AVS and SEM were determined by combining and optimizing the methods of Hsieh and Yang (1989), Allen et al (1993) and Brouwer and Murphy (1994), within 2 weeks after sample collection (Lasorsa and Casas, 1996). The experimental setup involved a 250 ml three-necked flask in which the reaction was conducted; the flask was sequentially connected to two 250 ml scrubbing bottles, each of which contained 100 ml of 0.5 mol l À1 zinc acetate solution to trap the evolved gases.…”

An analytical procedure for determination of sulphur species and isotopes in boreal acid sulphate soils and sediments

“…We therefore believe that the addition of ZnAc gives more accurate separations, and that consequently there is a risk that the CCrS pool for the Överpurmo sample is overestimated. Lasorsa and Casas (1996) noticed that addition of ZnAc may allow additional AVS to form in the sediment during storage for more than two weeks, and as a consequence, they recommended that ZnAc should not be used. We suggest, in contrast, that ZnAc could be admixed, prior to analysis, with the thawed sediment in order to prevent a proportion of greigite to end up in the CCrS pool.…”

“…AVS consists of amorphous FeS, mackinawite (FeS 0.94 ), greigite (Fe 3 S 4 ) , dissolved sulphide (Morse and Rickard 2004), and amorphous monosulphides of other metals (e.g. zinc, cadmium or lead) (Lasorsa andCasas 1996, Morse andLuther 1999), while disulphides include pyrite (cubic FeS 2 ) and marcasite (orthorhombic FeS 2 ) (Rice et al 1993). Elemental sulphur (S 0 ) generally occurs in small quantities (usually < 2% of total sulphur) in reduced marine muds and may be produced by oxidation of FeS, FeS 2 and H 2 S (van Breemen 1973, Poulton et al 2004).…”