A Comparison of Experimental and Modeled Velocity in Gasoline Direct-Injection Sprays with Plume Interaction and Collapse

Sphicas, Panos; Pickett, Lyle M.; Skeen, Scott A.; Frank, Jonathan H.; Lucchini, Tommaso; Sinoir, David; D’Errico, Gianluca; Saha, Kaushik; Som, Sibendu

doi:10.4271/2017-01-0837

Cited by 49 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to the ECN convention, the axial dimension is defined with reference to the tip of the injector, while Figure 2 reports how parameters such as the "drill angle", the "plume direction" (PD), the "plume cone angle" (PCA) and the "full outer spray angle" are measured. In particular, with reference to the injector axis, the "drill angle" was found to be equal to 37° for the Spray G geometry [21].…”

Section: Experimental Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…During the years, different CFD simulations were performed on the Spray G geometry, proposing detailed modeling of the internal nozzle flow [14] under both flashing and non-flashing conditions [15,16,17]. Furthermore, LES simulations were deployed for the injection modeling [18] and they were also coupled with DNS investigation of the spray near-nozzle primary break-up [19], while effects of ambient temperature and ambient density on plume interaction and vaporization were experimentally investigated [4,10,20], providing a consistent dataset for the most recent available RANS and LES numerical validations [21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Combined Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the ECN Spray G under Different Engine-Like Conditions

Paredi¹,

Lucchini²,

D’Errico³

et al. 2018

SAE Technical Paper Series

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A detailed understanding of Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) techniques applied to spark-ignition (SI) engines is necessary as they allow for many technical advantages such as increased power output, higher fuel efficiency and better cold start performances. Within this context, the extensive validation of multi-dimensional models against experimental data is a fundamental task in order to achieve an accurate reproduction of the physical phenomena characterizing the injected fuel spray. In this work, simulations of different Engine Combustion Network (ECN) Spray G conditions were performed with the Lib-ICE code, which is based on the open source OpenFOAM technology, by using a RANS Eulerian-Lagrangian approach to model the ambient gas-fuel spray interaction. Foremost, the main scope of the activity was to identify the most accurate numerical setup in terms of atomization ad secondary break-up models, thanks to a validation of the computed results against experimental data available for the ECN Spray G baseline condition. Specifically, attention was focused on spray penetration along with an analysis of spray morphology and effects of plume-to-plume interaction. Afterwards, the reference setup was tested and validated under different operating conditions, characterized by detailed experimental measurements specifically provided for this work. In particular, Mie scattering and Schlieren techniques allowed the quasi-simultaneous acquisition of both vapor and liquid penetrations, while a customized imageprocessing procedure, developed in Matlab environment, was used for the outline of the spray contours of both fuel phases to measure the parameters characterizing the jet development. A robust reference numerical setup was identified, capable to reproduce with good accuracy the injection process of a multi-hole GDI spray under the wide range of tested operating conditions. COMBINED EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE ECN SPRAY G

show abstract

Section: Experimental Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the ECN Spray G under Different Engine-Like Conditions

Paredi¹,

Lucchini²,

D’Errico³

et al. 2018

SAE Technical Paper Series

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Spray G injector has eight holes with a stepped-hole structure and a drill angle of 37˚. However, the measured value of 33˚ [22] is used for the plume direction in this study. The nozzle diameter is 165 μm and the length/diameter ratio is 1.03.…”

Section: Ecn Spray Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of an Equilibrium-Phase Spray Model to Multicomponent Gasoline Direct Injection

Yue

Reitz

2019

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An Equilibrium Phase (EP) spray model has been recently proposed for modeling high-pressure diesel fuel injection, which is based on jet theory and a phase equilibrium assumption. In this approach, the non-equilibrium processes of drop breakup, collision and surface vaporization are neglected, assuming that spray vaporization is a mixing-controlled equilibrium process. A liquid-jet model and a gas-jet model are also introduced to improve grid-independency. In the current study, the EP model is applied in simulations of multi-hole gasoline direct injection (GDI). The model is validated at ambient densities from 3 to 9 kg/m 3 and ambient temperatures from 400 K to 900 K, for two different GDI injectors, i.e. the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) Spray G injector and a GM injector. Iso-octane is used as the surrogate in consistency with available experiments. The results show good agreement in terms of liquid/vapor penetration, shape of the vapor envelope, and the velocity evolution along the injector centerline. Then, a 10-component gasoline surrogate fuel is used to demonstrate the capability of this model for multi-component spray simulations, which is essential for engine combustion and emission predictions.

show abstract

“…The main mechanism is impingement on the piston and liner [16], with significant fuel effects [17]. Wall wetting is directly related to load, meaning that as engine output is increased at fixed rotational speed, larger quantities of fuel need to be injected; several mechanisms during air-fuel mixture formation contribute to complex effects on charge distribution during combustion, that can be identified through combined experimental and numerical investigations [18,19]. Mixture inhomogeneity plays a significant role during the initial stages of flame kernel development [20], but also influences the occurrence of abnormal combustion phenomena due to autoignition [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fuel Injection Strategy on the Carbonaceous Structure Formation and Nanoparticle Emission in a DISI Engine Fuelled with Butanol

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Within the context of ever wider expansion of direct injection in spark ignition engines, this investigation was aimed at improved understanding of the correlation between fuel injection strategy and emission of nanoparticles. Measurements performed on a wall guided engine allowed identifying the mechanisms involved in the formation of carbonaceous structures during combustion and their evolution in the exhaust line. In-cylinder pressure was recorded in combination with cycle-resolved flame imaging, gaseous emissions and particle size distribution. This complete characterization was performed at three injection phasing settings, with butanol and commercial gasoline. Optical accessibility from below the combustion chamber allowed visualization of diffusive flames induced by fuel deposits; these localized phenomena were correlated to observed changes in engine performance and pollutant species. With gasoline fueling, minor modifications were observed with respect to combustion parameters, when varying the start of injection. The alcohol, on the other hand, featured marked sensitivity to the fuel delivery strategy. Even though the start of injection was varied in a relatively narrow crank angle range during the intake stroke, significant differences were recorded, especially in the values of particle emissions. This was correlated to the fuel jet-wall interactions; the analysis of diffusive flames, their location and size confirmed the importance of liquid film formation in direct injection engines, especially at medium and high load.

show abstract

A Comparison of Experimental and Modeled Velocity in Gasoline Direct-Injection Sprays with Plume Interaction and Collapse

Cited by 49 publications

References 23 publications

Combined Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the ECN Spray G under Different Engine-Like Conditions

Combined Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the ECN Spray G under Different Engine-Like Conditions

Application of an Equilibrium-Phase Spray Model to Multicomponent Gasoline Direct Injection

Effect of Fuel Injection Strategy on the Carbonaceous Structure Formation and Nanoparticle Emission in a DISI Engine Fuelled with Butanol

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About