A comparison of developmental toxicity of brominated and halogen-free flame retardant on zebrafish

Abe, Flavia Renata; Oliveira, Andréia Ávila Soares de; Marino, Renan Vieira; Rialto, Taisa Carla Rizzi; Oliveira, Danielle Palma de; Dorta, Daniel Junqueira

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111745

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…At all concentrations used, ALPi did not show any sublethal or teratogenic effects, suggesting that ALPi may be a good alternative for brominated flame retardants. However, further studies are still needed to support this information [111].…”

Section: Toxicological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Flame Retardants: New and Old Environmental Contaminants

Miranda¹,

Sampaio²,

Leite³

et al. 2022

The Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants

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Flame retardants are a group of compounds used in a variety of consumer goods to inhibit or retard the spread of flames. Several classes of chemical compounds have such capabilities, however, the persistence of these compounds in the environment and their toxicity are crucial points for a risk assessment. Classes such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have already been banned in some parts of the world while they are still permitted and extensively used in other parts of the globe. In the need for substitutes for the toxic compounds used, new structures have been synthesized and suggested by the industry as an alternative and substitutives flame retardants. The objective of this review is to address the classes of compounds used as flame retardants in terms of their toxicity to human or non-human organisms and their persistence in the environment.

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Section: Toxicological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Abe et al [111] evaluated the toxicity of halogen-free flame retardants in zebrafish to trace a toxicity profile. At all concentrations used, ALPi did not show any sublethal or teratogenic effects, suggesting that ALPi may be a good alternative for brominated flame retardants.…”

Section: Toxicological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Retardants: New and Old Environmental Contaminants

Miranda¹,

Sampaio²,

Leite³

et al. 2022

The Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[7][8][9][10][11] Unfortunately, traditional brominated flame retardants, such as decabromodiphenyl oxide (DBDPO), can release toxic gases, such as polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PBDD) and polybrominated dibenzofurans (PBDF), [12,13] and exhibit biotoxicity. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Therefore, many countries have attempted to restrict the use of flame retardants that can produce PBDD. [21,22] To solve these issues, great efforts have been made to develop non-halogen flame retardants and halogencontaining eco-friendly alternatives such as decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of decabromodiphenyl ethane flame retardant on the combustion behavior and physical‐mechanical properties of chloroprene rubber: Experimental and molecular dynamic simulation

Han

et al. 2022

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Herein, a molecular dynamics simulation method was used to predict the compatibility of chloroprene rubber (CR) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and to investigate the mechanical properties of CR-based composites. The limiting oxygen index and cone calorimeter measurement values indicated that the addition of DBDPE was beneficial for reducing the peak heat release rate during combustion and facilitating the formation of compact and strong char layers for carbon black-filled CR composites, resulting in efficient reduction of flammability and fire risk. Incorporation of DBDPE obviously delayed the dehydrochlorination of the CR matrix. Moreover, adding 50 phr DBDPE had little effect on the tensile strength and elongation at the break, and increased the modulus at 100% elongation by 64.3% in contrast to CR without DBDPE. However, the cold properties of CR vulcanizates decreased slightly with an increase in the DBDPE content.

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“…Flame retardant chemicals (FRs) may contain halogens (chlorine and bromine), boron, nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, magnesium, aluminum, ferrum, or their combinations. In the last decades, halogen-based compounds are the most widely used FRs because of their high efficiencies and low dosages, however, many of them can pose a serious threat to biosystems and humans [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Recent studies have been conducted to develop possible alternatives that are consistent with the current green principles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of a Phytic Acid–Silica System in Wood for Highly Efficient Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression

et al. 2021

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The intrinsic flammability of wood restricts its application in various fields. In this study, we constructed a phytic acid (PA)–silica hybrid system in wood by a vacuum-pressure impregnation process to improve its flame retardancy and smoke suppression. The system was derived from a simple mixture of PA and silica sol. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated an incorporation of the PA molecules into the silica network. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis showed that the system greatly enhanced the char yield of wood from 1.5% to 32.1% (in air) and the thermal degradation rates were decreased. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the PA/silica-nanosol-treated wood was 47.3%. Cone calorimetry test (CCT) was conducted, which revealed large reductions in the heat release rate and smoke production rate. The appearance of the second heat release peak was delayed, indicating the enhanced thermal stability of the char residue. The mechanism underlying flame retardancy was analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscope coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), FTIR, and TG-FTIR. The improved flame retardancy and smoke-suppression property of the wood are mainly attributed to the formation of an intact and coherent char residue with crosslinked structures, which can protect against the transfer of heat and mass (flammable gases, smoke) during burning. Moreover, the hybrid system did not significantly alter the mechanical properties of wood, such as compressive strength and hardness. This approach can be extended to fabricate other phosphorus and silicon materials for enhancing the fire safety of wood.

show abstract

A comparison of developmental toxicity of brominated and halogen-free flame retardant on zebrafish

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Flame Retardants: New and Old Environmental Contaminants

Flame Retardants: New and Old Environmental Contaminants

Effects of decabromodiphenyl ethane flame retardant on the combustion behavior and physical‐mechanical properties of chloroprene rubber: Experimental and molecular dynamic simulation

Construction of a Phytic Acid–Silica System in Wood for Highly Efficient Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression

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