A comparative study of hydrogen storage properties of AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloys processed by different methods

Huang, Song–Jeng; Rajagopal, Veeramanikandan; Skripnyuk, Vladimir; Rabkin, Eugen; Fang, C.H.

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.167854

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Moreover, it was also shown that the Mg 17 Al 12 can occur in three morphological types: lamellar, spherical [29], and eutectic [31]. The higher the Al content in the alloy, the greater the amount of this phase that can precipitate at the grain boundaries [30]. Therefore, the finding in the weld nugget of thin layers of this phase on grain boundaries (in the tested alloy, it is about 9% Al) proves that this area was subject to recrystallization; that thermodynamic conditions were reached, enabling complete dissolution of Al in the Mg matrix; and that rapid cooling then occurred, limiting diffusion and preventing the formation of clusters and large precipitates of the Al-Mg phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Research of FSW Joints of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

et al. 2023

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For the friction stir welding (FSW) of AZ91 magnesium alloy, low tool rotational speeds and increased tool linear speeds (ratio 3.2) along with a larger diameter shoulder and pin are utilized. The research focused on the influence of welding forces and the characterization of the welds by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with an electron backscatter diffraction system (SEM-EBSD), hardness distribution across the joint cross-section, joint tensile strength, and SEM examination of fractured specimens after tensile tests. The micromechanical static tensile tests performed are unique and reveal the material strength distribution within the joint. A numerical model of the temperature distribution and material flow during joining is also presented. The work demonstrates that a good-quality joint can be obtained. A fine microstructure is formed at the weld face, containing larger precipitates of the intermetallic phase, while the weld nugget comprises larger grains. The numerical simulation correlates well with experimental measurements. On the advancing side, the hardness (approx. 60 HV0.1) and strength (approx. 150 MPa) of the weld are lower, which is also related to the lower plasticity of this region of the joint. The strength (approx. 300 MPa) in some micro-areas is significantly higher than that of the overall joint (204 MPa). This is primarily attributable to the macroscopic sample also containing material in the as-cast state, i.e., unwrought. The microprobe therefore includes less potential crack nucleation mechanisms, such as microsegregations and microshrinkage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AZ91 is uniquely used, and casting elements, composites [27,28], and extruded elements [29] are produced from this alloy. It is also being considered and studied for the possibility of hydrogen accumulation [30]. Like other Mg alloys, AZ91 is very reactive to the environment.…”

Section: Al Zn Mnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Research of FSW Joints of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

et al. 2023

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“…The carbon nanotube, with an average diameter of 9.5 nm, is sourced from Top Nano Technology Co., Ltd., while the graphene, with an average diameter of 5 nm, is supplied by Enerage Inc. In the course of our comprehensive study, we engineered commercial Mgbased alloys of AZ-series material, specifically focusing on the AZ31 Magnesium Alloy (comprising 3.08% Al, 0.908% Zn, 0.393% Mn, and the balance being Mg) [11]. This alloy, crucial to our research, was procured from the esteemed Kuangyue Co., Ltd.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A effective method to process hydrogen storage materials is through high-energy ball milling, A research study by Veeramanikandan Rajagopal et al Prepared hydrogen storage powders for AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloys using a high-energy ball milling process. The enhancement of hydrogen storage properties was achieved through the generation of a substantial number of defects, resulting from a reduction in particle size that leads to an increase of surface area [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Analysis of Hydrogen Storage Characteristics in AZ31 Magnesium Alloy with the Addition of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes via Ball Milling Process

Huang,

Lin,

Rajagopal

2023

J. Res. Updates Polym. Sci.

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In the present investigation, an examination was conducted on the hydrogen storage performance of industrial waste grade AZ31 magnesium alloy when combined with either Carbon Nanotubes or Graphene. This study aims to understand the enhancement of hydrogen storage properties reinforced with polymer materials, such as Graphene or Carbon Nanotubes. The experimental samples, composed of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy combined with either Carbon Nanotubes or Graphene, were crafted through gravity casting. Thereafter, a high-energy ball milling process was employed to further refine the hydrogen storage material powders. The micrographic structures of all the sample powders were analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Additionally, the average particle size distributions of the sample powders were quantified for comprehensive characterization. The absorbed and desorbed hydrogen capacity and kinetics was calculated by a Sievert's type apparatus. Overall, the performance of the sample powder AZ31-0.1G showed the highest absorption and desorption at a rate of 0.0036 wt%/s and 0.0084 wt%/s. Moreover, the hydrogen capacity of AZ31-0.1G reached the highest value at 5.32 wt%. The acquired data unveils that with the adding of either Graphene or Carbon Nanotubes as additives significantly improved the hydrogen storage capacity of AZ31 magnesium alloy.

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Long term hydrogen storage properties of ZK60 Mg-alloy as processed by different methods of SPD

Cengeri,

Kimoto,

Janoska

et al. 2024

J Mater Sci

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Hydrogen storage characteristics is studied in the Mg-alloy ZK60 after processing by different SPD (Severe Plastic Deformation) methods such as High Pressure Torsion (HPT) and Friction Stir Processing (FSP), applying various deformation extents and rates. The capacity and kinetics of hydrogen storage was investigated and analysed, up to 100 storage cycles. While the degree of SPD deformation is less important for the storage capacity, the SPD processing method itself matters, yielding about ~ 30% more capacity in FSP than in HPT. As shown by DSC and XRD analyses, it is the density of SPD-induced vacancy agglomerates which is significantly higher in FSP than in HPT (~ 10–3 instead of ~ 10–4) because of the enhanced dislocation slip activity. Thanks to their stabilization through Mg(Zn,Zr) precipitates, the vacancy agglomerates survive numerous cycles of hydrogen storage in spite of the high storage temperature of 350 °C, and can act as thermally stable heterogeneous nuclei for the hydrogenation. This latter mechanism was found in all SPD methods applied irrespective of the deformation extent, on the basis of Johnson–Mehl–Avrami-Kolmogorov analysis providing the Avrami exponent n = 1, already from the second up to the highest hydrogen storage cycles.

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A comparative study of hydrogen storage properties of AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloys processed by different methods

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

Comprehensive Research of FSW Joints of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

Comprehensive Research of FSW Joints of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

A Comparative Analysis of Hydrogen Storage Characteristics in AZ31 Magnesium Alloy with the Addition of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes via Ball Milling Process

Long term hydrogen storage properties of ZK60 Mg-alloy as processed by different methods of SPD

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