Abstract:A color image processing system for liquid crystal heat transfer experiment has been developed. The system is capable of digitizing and processing the complete liquid crystal surface color (hue) change history in a transient test and, together with a calibration, can give the complete history of surface temperature over a full surface. Two methods for automatically processing the hue history to give heat transfer coefficient distributions are presented. Both methods raise the accuracy of the transient techniqu… Show more
“…With this method, all three parameters, h, η, and the local heat release q'', can be obtained simultaneously. Wang et al [19,20], Van Treuren et al [21], Bunker and Metzger [22], Ekkad and Han [23], and Chen et al [24] have all made significant contributions to blade cooling using this technique. However, when the surface temperature becomes very nonuniform, the error of employing the 1-D TLC method increases.…”
Film cooling is a cooling technique widely used in high-performance gas turbines to protect the turbine airfoils from being damaged by hot flue gases. Motivated by the need to further improve the turbine hot section cooling performance, a new cooling scheme, mist/air film cooling is investigated. A small amount of tiny water droplets with an average diameter about 7 μm (mist) is injected into the cooling air to enhance the cooling performance. One key feature in understanding mist cooling is the ability to capture droplet information. This paper presents the experimental facility and instrumentation of a mist/air film cooling study with both heat transfer and droplet measurements.
A wind tunnel system and test facilities are built. A Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) system is employed to measure the two-phase flow characteristics, including droplet size, droplet dynamics, velocity, and turbulence. Infrared camera and thermocouples are both used for temperature measurements. An extensive uncertainty analysis is performed to assist in identifying large uncertainty sources and planning for experimental procedure.
It was found during the experiment design process that resolving the mist agglomeration problem is the key in successfully generating a well-controlled mist/air mixture and reducing experimental uncertainties. The test apparatus has proven to serve the purpose well to investigate mist/air film cooling with both heat transfer and droplet measurements. Selected experimental data is presented.
“…With this method, all three parameters, h, η, and the local heat release q'', can be obtained simultaneously. Wang et al [19,20], Van Treuren et al [21], Bunker and Metzger [22], Ekkad and Han [23], and Chen et al [24] have all made significant contributions to blade cooling using this technique. However, when the surface temperature becomes very nonuniform, the error of employing the 1-D TLC method increases.…”
Film cooling is a cooling technique widely used in high-performance gas turbines to protect the turbine airfoils from being damaged by hot flue gases. Motivated by the need to further improve the turbine hot section cooling performance, a new cooling scheme, mist/air film cooling is investigated. A small amount of tiny water droplets with an average diameter about 7 μm (mist) is injected into the cooling air to enhance the cooling performance. One key feature in understanding mist cooling is the ability to capture droplet information. This paper presents the experimental facility and instrumentation of a mist/air film cooling study with both heat transfer and droplet measurements.
A wind tunnel system and test facilities are built. A Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) system is employed to measure the two-phase flow characteristics, including droplet size, droplet dynamics, velocity, and turbulence. Infrared camera and thermocouples are both used for temperature measurements. An extensive uncertainty analysis is performed to assist in identifying large uncertainty sources and planning for experimental procedure.
It was found during the experiment design process that resolving the mist agglomeration problem is the key in successfully generating a well-controlled mist/air mixture and reducing experimental uncertainties. The test apparatus has proven to serve the purpose well to investigate mist/air film cooling with both heat transfer and droplet measurements. Selected experimental data is presented.
“…According to the relationship between temperature and color information (Hue values), the temperature information of measured surface at different time can be obtained, then the heat transfer coefficient h is calculated according to the semi-infinite plate heat conduction model. [10][11]. The TLC was carefully calibrated in-situ on the present test section prior to the experiments with the same fluorescent lighting and viewing conditions.…”
In order to increase the thermal efficiency, gas turbines are designed to operate at higher temperature, which requires a highly efficient cooling structure. The dimples and ribs are effective structures to enhance the convective heat transfer in the cooling channels, which are commonly used in the gas turbine blade internal cooling and combustion chamber cooling. Despite a large number of the literature about the study of the heat transfer performance of the dimples or ribs respectively, few studies dealt with the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a hybrid structure with the ribs and dimples. In the present paper, a novel hybrid cooling structure with miniature Vshaped ribs and dimples is presented, and the flow structure, pressure loss and heat transfer characteristics of a cooling channel with the rib-dimple hybrid structure are investigated. The heat transfer characteristics are obtained using a transient liquid crystal thermography technique. The rib-dimples with three different rib heights of 0.6 mm,1.0 mm and 1.5 mm and with the dimple depth of 4mm are studied in rectangular channels within the Reynolds number range from 10,000 to 60,000. The experimental study showed that the Nusselt numbers of the channels with the rib-dimples are significantly higher than those of the channel with pure dimples. The friction factor increases rapidly with the height of V ribs. The V ribs increase the flow disturbance in the front half of the dimples, leading to an increase of the flow turbulent kinetic energy, increasing the flow mixing dramatically, and breaking out the flow recirculation zone in the front half of the dimples. Therefore the V rib-dimple hybrid structure on the cooling channel surface provides much larger heat transfer enhancement capability than the conventional dimples.
“…Instead of using two crystals, some research workers use wideband TLC (see, for example, [4]) in conjunction with the semi-infinite solution to determine h and T ad . The surface heat flux q s can be determined numerically and, from the com- puted values of q s versus T s , the values of h and T ad can be found from…”
Section: Limitations Of Semi-infinite Solutionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thermochromic liquid crystal (TLC) is used extensively to experimentally determine heat transfer coefficients (for example, see [1][2][3][4][5][6]). In typical transient experiments, a sudden change in the temperature of the air flowing over the substrate is created, and the time t, at which the crystal is activated, is measured.…”
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