A clinical study on the effect of a gram-negative bacterial endotoxin and cloprostenol in non-pregnant and 60-day-pregnant gilts

Cort, N.

doi:10.1016/0378-4320(86)90025-4

Cited by 15 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The immediate elevation of the prostaglandin metabolite ( 15-ketodihydro-PGFzU) after endotoxin injection corresponds well with the findings in female animals (FREDRIKS-SON, 1984; CORT, 1986;CORT et al, 1986). In the goat the release was found to be dose dependent and there is also a tendency to dose dependence in the cow (FREDRIKSSON, 1984;FREDRIKSSON et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The clinical signs seen after the administration of endotoxin such as depression, shivering, diarrhorea and ruminal immobility do not differ from earlier observations made on various animal species (VAN MIERT and FRENS, 1968;NACHREINER et al, 1972; GRIEL et a]., 1975; FREDRIKSSON, 1984;CORT, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…The loss of temperature rise after the repeated endotoxin injections is also a well known phenomenon and is the result of an induced tolerance ( VAN MIERT et al, 1968). Leukopenia immediately after endotoxin injection as well as the following leukocytosis are well described in other species (NACHREINER et al, 1972;KURTZ and QUAST, 1982;FREDRIKSSON, 1984;CORT, 1986). The neutrophils are moved from the circulating to the marginate pool, due to the fact that endotoxins promote margination of circulating neutrophils along the blood vessels and the neutrophils are subsequently destroyed (DELDAR et al, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Clinical, Endocrinological and Spermatological Studies after Endotoxin in the Ram

Wallgren

Kindahl

Larsson

1989

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Summary Eight rams were injected intravenously with endotoxin from Salmonella typhimurium. Blood plasma was analysed for the contents of 15‐ketodihydro‐PGF2α, LH, testosterone, calcium and total amount of white blood cells. Semen was examined for motility, concentration, volume and morphological appearance. After castration at 4 or 16 weeks the testes were examined histologically. The total white blood cells and the calcium levels as well as LH and testosterone decreased and the levels of 15‐ketodihydro‐PGF2α rose after the endotoxin administration. The examination of the semen showed a significant decrease in motility and a significant increase in abnormal sperm heads. The histological examination showed a slight degeneration in the seminiferous epithelium in the rams castrated at 4 weeks after the endotoxin administration; this degeneration was not seen in the rams castrated at 16 weeks. The present results indicate that endotoxin seems to exert a negative effect on the genital functions of the ram; the changes in LH and testosterone are very similar to those seen after heat induced stress. The histological changes indicate a short‐lasting mild degeneration in the seminiferous epithelium. Zusammenfassung Klinische, endokrinologische und spermatologische Untersuchungen nach Endotoxin‐Applikation beim Schafbock Acht Schafböcken wurde Salmonella typhimurium‐Endotoxin intravenös injiziert. Im Blutplasma wurden daraufhin die Konzentrationen von 15‐Ketodihydro‐PGF2α, LH, Testosteron, Calcium sowie die Gesamtzahl der Leukozyten bestimmt. Der Samen wurde bezüglich Spermienmotilität, Spermienkonzentration, Volumen und morphologischer Charakteristika überprüft. Nach der 4 bzw. 16 Wochen später erfolgenden Kastration wurden die Hoden histologisch untersucht. Die Gesamtzahl der Leukozyten im Blut sowie der Calcium‐, LH‐ und Testosteronspiegel des Plasmas nahmen nach der Endotoxin‐Injektion ab, während die Plasmakonzentration von 15‐Ketodihydro‐PGF2α anstieg. Die Prüfung des Samens ergab eine signifikante Abnahme der Spermienmotilität und eine signifikante Zunahme abnormaler Spermienköpfe. Die histologische Untersuchung erbrachte 4 Wochen nach der Endotoxin‐Applikation eine leichte Degeneration des Epithels der Tubuli seminiferi; 16 Wochen nach der Endotoxin‐Injektion war dies hingegen nicht mehr der Fall. Nach den vorliegenden Ergebnissen scheint das Endotoxin einen negativen Effekt auf die Genitalfunktion des Schafhodens auszuüben. Die Veränderungen in der Plasma‐LH‐ bzw. Testosteron‐Konzentration entsprechen den Verhältnissen beim Hitze‐Streß. Die histologischen Veränderungen weisen auf eine kurzdauernde leichte Degeneration des Epithels der Tubuli seminiferi hin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Clinical, Endocrinological and Spermatological Studies after Endotoxin in the Ram

Wallgren

Kindahl

Larsson

1989

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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“…The significant decrease in leucocytic count goes paralleled with the necroses of the lymphoid follicles in lymph nodes and the severe depletion of lymphocytes in the spleen. This result agrees with those of Fredriksson (1984) and Cort (1986) who observed that leucopenia occurred immediately following endotoxin injection. Deldar et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Study of the Pathological Effect of Escherichia coli Endotoxin in Rams

Sokkar

Darwiesh

Madbooly

2003

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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This experimental study was carried out on nine adult rams. Rams were injected intravenously with Escherichia coli endotoxin serotype 055:B5. The regimen of injections is described fully. Blood and semen samples were collected periodically to evaluate the changes in blood and semen picture. The reproductive as well as the visceral organs were collected and examined macroscopically and microscopically. The results of the study revealed that sperm cell abnormalities and serum testosterone level were increased, and sperm acrosomal abnormalities were significantly increased. The total leucocytic count was significantly decreased. The histopathological examination revealed severe testicular degeneration in addition to various other lesions in the visceral organs. Scanning electron microscope of the sperm cells revealed detached acrosomes, knobbed acrosomes and coiled tails.

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“…This produces in non-pregnant cycling animals an altered reproductive cycle, in most cases an introduction of heat. Pregnant animals are more sensitive t o endotoxins and especially in early pregnancy abortions are easily initiated ( FREDRIKSSON et al, 1985;CORT, 1986;DAELS et al, 1987). The effects on the male reproductive system are less known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, Endocrinological and Spermatological Studies after Endotoxin Injection in the Boar

Wallgren

1989

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Summary Three adult boars were injected intravenously with endotoxin from Salmonella typhimurium. Blood plasma was analysed for the contents of 15‐ketodihydro‐PGF2α, LH and testosterone. Total amount of white blood cells and differential counts were determined in whole blood. Semen was examined for concentration, motility, volume and morphological appearance of the spermatozoa. The boars were slaughtered three months after the endotoxin injection and the testes were examined. The total number of white blood cells decreased and the levels of 15‐ketodihydro‐PGF2α rose immediately after the endotoxin administration. An initial increase in LH was seen in two out of the three boars. The increase in LH was followed by a testosterone increase in one boar and a testosterone decrease in the other. The third boar showed no initial increase in LH but an increase in testosterone. Semen examination demonstrated various morphological changes of the spermatozoa in all boars. The changes started to appear at about the same time after the endotoxin injection, but differed among the individuals. The examination of the testes depicted no changes from what is seen in normal animals. The present results indicate that the boar responds to endotoxin similar to what is seen in the ram. The endocrine changes, e. g. in LH and testosterone, are similar to those seen after termination of heat stress. The seminal changes indicate a disturbance located in the epididymis as well as a short‐term, mild degeneration in the seminiferous epithelium. Zusammenfassung Klinische, endokrinologische und spermatologische Untersuchungen nach Endotoxin‐Injektion beim Eber Drei adulten Ebern wurde Endotoxin von Salmonella typhimurium intravenös injiziert. Daraufhin wurde im Blutplasma der Gehalt an 15‐Ketodihydro‐PGF2α, LH und Testosteron bestimmt. Im Gesamtblut wurde die Gesamtzahl an Leukozyten sowie das Differentialblutbild ermittelt. Das Sperma wurde hinsichtlich der Zahl, der Motilität, des Volumens und der morphologischen Beschaffenheit der Spermien untersucht. Die Eber wurden 3 Monate nach der Endotoxin‐Injektion geschlachtet. Danach wurden die Hoden untersucht. Unmittelbar nach der Endotoxin‐Applikation nahm die Zahl der Leukozyten ab, der 15‐Ketodihydro‐PGF2α‐Gehalt stieg dagegen an. Bei zwei von drei Ebern wurde ein initialer Anstieg von Progesteron beobachtet. Auf einen Anstieg der LH‐Konzentration folgte bei einem Eber ein Anstieg der Testosteron‐Konzentration, beim zweiten ein Abfall. Der dritte Eber zeigte keinen initialen LH‐Anstieg, jedoch eine Zunahme des Testosterons. Die überprüfung des Spermas ergab bei allen Ebern verschiedene morphologische Veränderungen der Spermien. Die Veränderungen setzten zu etwa der gleichen Zeit nach der Endotoxin‐Injektion ein, differierten jedoch zwischen den einzelnen Tieren. Die Untersuchung der Hoden ergab keine Abweichung vom Normalzustand. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, daß der Eber ähnlich wie der Schafbock auf die Endotoxin‐Applikation reagiert. Die endokrinologischen Veränderungen, wie z. B. diejenig...

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A clinical study on the effect of a gram-negative bacterial endotoxin and cloprostenol in non-pregnant and 60-day-pregnant gilts

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Clinical, Endocrinological and Spermatological Studies after Endotoxin in the Ram

Clinical, Endocrinological and Spermatological Studies after Endotoxin in the Ram

Study of the Pathological Effect of Escherichia coli Endotoxin in Rams

Clinical, Endocrinological and Spermatological Studies after Endotoxin Injection in the Boar

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