A case series: 3-dimensional computed tomographic study of the superior orbital vessels: Superior orbital arcades and their relationships with the supratrochlear artery and supraorbital artery

Liao, Zhi-Feng; Hong, Wei‐Jin; Cong, Li-Yao; Luo, Cheng-En; Zhan, Wang; Ke, Jiaqia; Luo, Sheng-Kang

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.082

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…To select a reliable method for describing the ZOA more completely, we combined computed tomographic (CT) scans and autopsies. Although CT scanning has been demonstrated to be an effective and reliable facial vascular reconstruction tool, 10,11 no large-sample study on three-dimensional scanning of the ZOA is available to date. In this study, we analyzed a large number of specimens to determine the characteristics and communicating vessels of the ZOA and to fill the gap in this field to facilitate efficient use of the ZOA in flap transplantation and explain complications regarding injection and filling in the temporal area.…”

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confidence: 99%

“Zygomatico-Orbital Artery: A Re-Evaluation of the Temporal Blood Vessels.”

Chen

Zhou

Luo

et al. 2022

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Background: The current anatomical description of the zygomatico-orbital artery (ZOA) is mainly based on cadaver head studies and does not accurately reflect the complete anatomical information of the ZOA. The purpose of this study was to reveal the anatomical characteristics of the ZOA and to provide an anatomical basis for relevant operations in the temporal area. Methods: Computed tomographic scans and autopsies were performed on 78 cadaver heads perfused with lead oxide. Mimics software was used to construct a three-dimensional image based on the bilateral intertragic notches and the right inferior orbital margin for a detailed analysis of the ZOA. Results: The occurrence rate of ZOA in the 101 qualified hemisectioned cadaver heads was 86.14% (87 of 101). According to our observations, 46 of 87 (52.87%) originated from the superficial temporal artery above the zygomatic arch, 23 of 87 (26.44%) from the superficial temporal artery under the zygomatic arch, and 18 of 87 (20.69%) from the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery. The ZOA communicates with the deep and superficial arches of the supraorbital artery, transverse facial artery, and ophthalmic artery. Conclusions: This study describes the anatomical characteristics of the ZOA. Moreover, these findings may guide skin flap transplantation and prevent associated injection complications.

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confidence: 99%

“Zygomatico-Orbital Artery: A Re-Evaluation of the Temporal Blood Vessels.”

Chen

Zhou

Luo

et al. 2022

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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“…Even our previous study affirmed the complex relationship between the STA and SOA and the superior orbital vessels. 19 We clearly identified the arteries in the deep and superficial layers by using high-throughput postmortem 3D-CT. This facilitated the separate identification of the origins of the dSTA/sSTA and dSOA/sSOA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous study demonstrated that the superior orbital vessels are near the superior orbital rim, which proposed considerations for upper eyelids injection. 19 A cannula can be used for the correction of a sunken upper eyelid by using a dermal filler injection near the superior orbital rim. We found connections between the STA and SOA by the superior orbital arcades or superior orbital arteries near the superior orbital rim.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Study of the Supratrochlear Artery and Supraorbital Artery to Determine Arterial Variations and Their Relationship

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND The forehead has high risks associated with filler injection considering its highly complex vascular system. This study aims to thoroughly describe the anatomical variations and relationships between the supratrochlear artery (STA) and supraorbital artery (SOA). MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 56 cadaveric heads by computed tomography after contrast-agent injection. RESULTS The deep branch of the STA originated in the deep superior orbital arcade and the ophthalmic artery (OA), whereas that of the SOA originated at 3 locations: the deep superior orbital arcade, deep superior orbital artery, and OA. The superficial branch of the STA also had 3 origins: the superficial superior orbital arcade, OA, and angular artery, whereas the superficial branch of the SOA had 2 origins: the superficial superior orbital arcade and OA. Based on the relationship between the STA and SOA, 2 main arterial distribution patterns were observed in both superficial and deep layer arteries: STA/SOA connected pattern and STA/SOA disconnected pattern, of which the latter pattern has 3 subtypes. CONCLUSION The forehead arteries have complex origins. The relationship of the supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries could be categorized into 2 main patterns. The study elucidated the complexity of the forehead vasculature.

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“…From August 2016 to December 2020, a total of 66 cadaver heads (46 men and 20 women, aged between 18 and 65 years, average age 40.19 years) were analyzed with CT scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction of the vessels. In line with previous studies in our laboratory, [9][10][11][12] a head CT scan was acquired for each specimen after every arterial contrast injection using the same 64-row spiral CT scanner (Philips Brilliance 64 Scanner; Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, OH) under the same conditions. The twodimensional CT images of each specimen were volumerendered into three-dimensional CT images using a Philips IntelliSpace workstation with default settings.…”

Section: Computed Tomographic Scanning and Three-dimensional Reconstr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Basis for Malar Augmentation Injection With the Zygomatic Ligamentous System

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUNDThe malar augmentation injection has gained popularity in recent years, but the exact location of each injection site has not been clearly identified.OBJECTIVETo discover ideal injection sites by comprehensively considering the distributions of ligaments, muscles, and vessels.MATERIALS AND METHODSEighteen cadaver heads were dissected to investigate the zygomatic ligamentous system and to measure the position of muscles. Sixty-six cadaver heads were subjected to computed tomographic scanning and three-dimensional vessel reconstruction. Radiological evaluation of the fillers was performed before and after experimental injection in one hemiface and dissected to confirm safe delivery. Five patients were enrolled in a prospective clinical study. 2D and 3D photographs were taken before and after the injections for comparison.RESULTSSite 1 was defined along the zygomatic arch, except the first 1/4 length and the midline of the arch. Site 2 was on the body of the zygoma, superior to the level of the infraorbital foramen and medial to the jugale. Site 3 was defined in the anteromedial midface approximately 30 mm below the lateral canthus.CONCLUSIONInjections at these 3 sites can be performed within the range of the ligaments to achieve effective lifting effects and minimize potential complications.

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A case series: 3-dimensional computed tomographic study of the superior orbital vessels: Superior orbital arcades and their relationships with the supratrochlear artery and supraorbital artery

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

“Zygomatico-Orbital Artery: A Re-Evaluation of the Temporal Blood Vessels.”

“Zygomatico-Orbital Artery: A Re-Evaluation of the Temporal Blood Vessels.”

Three-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Study of the Supratrochlear Artery and Supraorbital Artery to Determine Arterial Variations and Their Relationship

Anatomical Basis for Malar Augmentation Injection With the Zygomatic Ligamentous System

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