A Case of Myxoid Liposarcoma of the Retroperitoneum: A Challenging Tumour for Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract

Retroperitoneal sarcomas are rare neoplasms that account for only 1%-2% of all solid tumors and liposarcomas represent the most frequent histological type. We describe the case of a 44-year-old female with a retroperitoneal myxoid liposarcoma of 22 × 19 × 8 cm in size. The only symptoms were persistent pain and progressive tenderness of the abdomen lasting for two months. The mass was radically excised during laparotomy. CT and MRI were useful to clarify the site of origin of the tumor, relationships with other organs, and planning surgery but final diagnosis was based on histological findings. Here we review the literature about the challenging diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic factors of this disease.

Diagnosis and Prognosis of Retroperitoneum Liposarcoma: a single Asian center cohort of 57 cases

“…Pervious cohort studies have demonstrated that DLPS has the highest risk for both local and distant recurrence, while WDLPS has the lowest risk. [19,31] In this cohort, however, no statistically signi cant difference exists in different subtypes (Table 4, 5). Nonetheless, recurrence and death rate was lowest in WDLPS subtype, and highest in DLPS subtype, which was in accordance with previous researches.…”

“…As a subtype of sarcoma, liposarcoma accounts for approximately 15% of all sarcomas, making it the most common soft tissue sarcoma. [5] LPS mostly occurs in extremities, followed by retroperitoneum, and there are also literatures reporting LPS founded in rare locations, such as mediastinum, larynx or paratesticular. [20][21][22] High occurrence of retroperitoneum may be attributed to metastasis of LPS from other parts of body, especially where fat is abundant.…”

“…[3,4] In general, the retroperitoneum is a rare location for LPS to occur, with only a few publications discussing its diagnosis, clinical characteristics and prognosis. [2,5,6] LPS is generally classi ed into 5 subtypes: well-differentiated LPS (WDLPS), dedifferentiated LPS (DLPS), myxoid LPS (MLPS), pleomorphic LPS (PLPS) and mixed LPS. WDLPS is the most common retroperitoneal LPS, accounting for 40-45% of all LPS.…”

Primary lesser sac myxoid liposarcoma: A case report

“…The anatomical distribution of liposarcoma is related to the histologic type with well differentiated, myxoid/round-cell liposarcomas and pleomorphic variants having a striking predilection for the limbs,while dedifferentiated liposarcoma occurs predominantly in the retroperitoneum. The risk of distant metastasis and survival are influenced by histological type with well differentiated, myxoid variants with a better outcome than pleomorphic and round cell types [1], [2].…”

“…Liposarcoma comprises of 15% of adult sarcomas and predominantly affect the extremities [1]. About 10–20% of sarcomas arise from the retroperitonium and includes a heterogenous list of histological types [2]. The most common site for abdominal liposarcoma is the retroperitonium.…”