“…Toward the discovery of service inefficiencies, a small number of studies have investigated admission‐timing effects on maternal labor and delivery complications, producing disparate results. Some studies find that complications increase when patients are admitted during weekends and holidays (Bendavid, Kaganova, Needleman, Gruenberg, & Weissman, ; Palmer, Bottle, & Aylin, ; Snowden, Kozhimannil, Muoto, Caughey, & McConnell, ), while other studies find no differences in adverse outcomes between nonelective deliveries occurring during the day, evening, or night (Caughey et al., ), or among Medicaid patients giving birth at teaching hospitals in the month of July (Ford, Bateman, Simpson, & Ratan, ) when a new cohort of residents enter teaching hospitals.…”