A Brief Review of Electrospinning of Polymer Nanofibers: History and Main Applications

Abstract

Electrospinning is an intensely facile methodology for the precise manufacturing of polymer nanofibers by manipulation of electrostatic force, which stunts like a driving force. In this technique, fibers produced with a diameter range between 50 to 500 nm. Two practices are made up by the scientists for electrospinning of versatile polymer. Polymers can be electrospun into ultrafine fibers in solvent solution or melt form. Tremendous progress had been made in this field in the past, and numerous applications were inaugurated. It’s a field of nanotechnology which rapidly growing due to enormous potential in creating novel applications regarding morphologies, materials structure, surface area, porosity, and Reinforcement in nanocomposite development. Fibers can be assembled in the form of nonwoven, aligned, patterned, random three-dimensional structures and sub-micron fibers. Many complications faced during electrospinning, for example, control the morphology and structure of Nanofibers, analyze surface functionality, and assembling strategies for various polymers. We need to find out various parameters for accurate fiber assembly. Here we briefly review the evolution activities in the field of electrospinning, understand its process, polymeric structure, property characterization, technology frailty, research provocations, future expectations, and resourceful applications.

An ultra-low-cost and adjustable in-house electrospinning machine to produce PVA nanofiber

“…In addition, Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a biocompatible and highly hydrophilic semicrystalline polymer with excellent properties such as strength, water solubility, gas permeability, and thermal stability characteristics [11] . Nanofiber fabrication using PVA based precursors through electrospinning technique has been extensively studied since in the 15th century for the preparation of ultrafine separation filters, biodegradable mats, and inorganic fibres [12] .…”

Formulation and Characterization of Electrospun Nanofibers Loaded Fusidic Acid for Wound Dressing Technique

“…The nanofibers is deposited onto the collector and expelled after 1-hour of Electrospinning. The nanofibers are left to dry at room temperature for a few hours, to allow the evaporation of residual solvent [12].…”

High-Efficiency Water Filtration by Electrospun Expanded Polystyrene Waste Nanofibers

“…Thus, researchers have attempted to modify EPS into beneficial materials, one of which is nanofiber membranes prepared using an electrospinning method with various solvents such as N , N -dimethylformamide (DMF), d -limonene, cyclohexane, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, and N , N -dimethylacetamide . Electrospinning is a method of fiber spinning that utilizes electrified polymers, both in solution and in melt form . Several studies have confirmed that electrospinning is one of the most economical, simple, and facile methods for fabricating nanofibers. − Moreover, this technique allows the modification of the size, morphology, and composite formation of the fibers with other materials to enhance membrane functionalization .…”

“…Electrospinning is a method of fiber spinning that utilizes electrified polymers, both in solution and in melt form . Several studies have confirmed that electrospinning is one of the most economical, simple, and facile methods for fabricating nanofibers. − Moreover, this technique allows the modification of the size, morphology, and composite formation of the fibers with other materials to enhance membrane functionalization . Rajak (2020) synthesized an electrospun EPS nanofiber membrane using a DMF solvent for application in air filters, which demonstrated that EPS nanofiber membranes have a high air filtration efficiency of approximately 99.99% .…”