A 77 GHz 90 nm CMOS Transceiver for FMCW Radar Applications

Mitomo, Toshiya; Ono, Nobutaka; Hoshino, H.; Yoshihara, Yoshinobu; Watanabe, Osamu; Seto, I.

doi:10.1109/jssc.2010.2040234

Cited by 247 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The phase noise modulator component adds phase noise in accordance to m3 freq=100.0MHz dB(fs(osc [1],,,,,"Kaiser"))=-36.043 m3 freq=100.0MHz dB(fs (osc[1],,,,,"Kaiser") Leeson's equation [15]:…”

Section: System Model and Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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System Simulation of RF Front-End Transceiver for Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Radar

Eid¹,

Nahhas²

2013

IJCA

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Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is a solution for range and velocity measurement of a target. This paper introduces a simulation methodology for a RF front-end transceiver of a FMCW radar system including the target model. The proposed system model can incorporate realistic design conditions such as voltage controlled oscillator phase noise. The methodology has been applied to a 2.45 GHz FMCW radar with a single antenna for transmitting and receiving waves using Advanced Design System (ADS) simulation package from Agilent. Various values of target range and velocity are employed in the simulated model to verify the operation of the FMCW radar system. The proposed simulation model has been proven to be a useful tool in the design of FMCW radar systems. The system model is used to conclude some general guidelines to help the system designer.

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Section: System Model and Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mixer is followed by a low pass filter in order to pass the frequency difference component only. This is referred to a beat note whose frequency F r is proportional to the range R of a stationary target or a target whose velocity produces a Doppler shift larger than ±1/2T Hz [15].…”

Section: Principle Of Fmcw Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Simulation of RF Front-End Transceiver for Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Radar

Eid¹,

Nahhas²

2013

IJCA

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“…2, where we have plotted the entire mixer output spectogram as the first row, a zoomed view in the middle row and a Fourier A i j[ [1,3,5,7] A j cos(f…”

Section: A) Analytical Fmcwmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sachs [5] has written extensively on a M-sequence radar using SiGe BiCMOS technology. A growing application is automotive radars in the 60/70 GHz bands, where multiple single-chip solutions have been presented and some are commercially available [6], CMOS realizations in the literature include [7][8][9][10]. Several short-range radar systems are reported [11][12][13] indicating a number of potential sensing applications provided a compact, low-power, and highperformance radar is available; preferably in low-cost standard technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bitstream radar waveforms for generic single-chip radar

Bjorndal

Hamran

Lande

2017

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

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Bitstreams, square wave digital signals, enable flexible radar implementations in modern digital technology. By using bitstreams in place of analog sinusoidal waveforms, we can realize continuous-wave (CW), stepped-frequency CW, frequencymodulated CW, or even pseudo random noise-sequence and pulsed radars, all with a single bit of amplitude resolution. The building blocks are a programable waveform generator, a sweep threshold quantizer, digital delay, and a digital XOR gate as a mixer. This gives us a novel, almost fully digital (requiring only a comparator) system, as previously proposed and which is extended here. The flexibility of the transmitter allows for easy switching between waveforms and the bitstream signal can be processed with single-bit digital gates. Single-bit signals allows for exploration of novel continuous time non-clocked digital implementations to maximize speed and energy efficiency. Mixing frequencies with a digital XOR gate creates harmonics, which are explored for multiple solutions utilizing digital delay. Analytical as well as simulation results are presented. Initial measurements from a 90 nm CMOS chip is provided for the transmitter and the full system, proving the feasibility of a digital future in radar.Keywords: Radar architecture and systems, Si-based devices and IC technologies I . I N T R O D U C T I O NModern digital technology bring miniaturization, low-power consumption, substantial computational power, and integration of complex processing on a small piece of silicon (system-on-chip). For modern radar systems, the full advantage of modern technology has been difficult to utilize in spite of faster devices and higher computational speed. As indicated in [1] modern radar systems are still fairly large modules with substantial size and power consumption.The basic principles of radar have been known for more than a century, over the years several radar architectures have been explored; each with its own tradeoff in application and hardware complexity. Radar architectures differ mainly by the utilized waveform, example architectures contains, continuous-wave (CW) radar for velocity determination, pulsed ranging radar, frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar, stepped-frequency continuous-wave (SFCW) radar, and noise radar. The frequency-modulated architectures need a frequency source and a mixer, but require only a modest sampling rate of the mixer difference. The pulsed and noise radars are more amendable to digital implementation, but require a receiver that samples the entire transmitted bandwidth.Several integrated radar systems have appeared in the literature, some with commercial interest. The first single-chip complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) radar was published by Hjortland et al. [2] in 2006, featuring a pulsed radar system now commercially available from Novelda [3]. Later an integrated SFCW radar was reported in 65 nm CMOS by Caruso [4] for breast cancer detection. Sachs [5] has written extensively on a M-sequence radar using SiGe BiCMOS techn...

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“…1 frequency modulation signal. The PLL loop bandwidth is set to 1 MHz to improve the output chirp linearity of the PLL and suppress the spurs [7]. Fig.…”

Section: Transceiver Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fully-Integrated Low Power K-band Radar Transceiver in 130nm CMOS Technology

Kim¹,

Cui²,

Kim³

et al. 2012

JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science

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Abstract-A fully-integrated low power K-band radar transceiver in 130 nm CMOS process is presented. It consists of a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a downconversion mixer, a power amplifier (PA), and a frequency synthesizer with injection locked buffer for driving mixer and PA. The receiver front-end provides a conversion gain of 19 dB. The LNA achieves a power gain of 15 dB and noise figure of 5.4 dB, and the PA has an output power of 9 dBm. The phase noise of VCO is -90 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset. The total dc power dissipation of the transceiver is 142 mW and the size of the chip is only 1.2 × 1.4 mm 2 .

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A 77 GHz 90 nm CMOS Transceiver for FMCW Radar Applications

Cited by 247 publications

References 14 publications

System Simulation of RF Front-End Transceiver for Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Radar

System Simulation of RF Front-End Transceiver for Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Radar

Bitstream radar waveforms for generic single-chip radar

A Fully-Integrated Low Power K-band Radar Transceiver in 130nm CMOS Technology

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