A 6-MV Pulser to Drive Horizontally Polarized EMP Simulators

Bailey, V.; Carboni, V.; Eichenberger, C.; Naff, T.; Smith, I.; Warren, T.; Whitney, B.; Giri, D. V.; Belt, D.; Brown, David R.; Mazuc, A.; Seale, T

doi:10.1109/tps.2010.2065245

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…When the preionization is effective, the voltage jitter is from ∼0.5% to ∼1.25%, which is slightly larger than those for the two cases above. To realize the synchronization in the bipolar generator for an EMP generator, the time difference of two transfer switches should be less than 10 ns [1]. Equivalently, the one sigma time jitter of a single switch should be smaller than 2 ns, which can be basically achieved by adopting the sparkdischarge pre-ionization switch.…”

Section: Overall Breakdown Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the MV bipolar pulse generator for electromagnetic pulse (EMP) simulator [1], two primary pulses with hundrednanosecond rise time need compression and superposition, which requires low-jitter pulsed transfer switches [1,2]. To meet the requirement of the output waveform and obtain a high energy transfer efficiency, the switch should break down near the peak time of input pulses, which adds the difficulty of reducing the switch jitter due to a relatively small du/dt near the peak time [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A low-jitter self-triggered spark-discharge pre-ionization switch: primary research on its breakdown characteristics and working mechanisms

Wang

Chen

2021

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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MV pulsed switch plays a key role as the transfer switch in large electromagnetic pulse simulators. To broaden the range of self-triggering time, a novel spark-discharge pre-ionization switch, in which the main gap electric field is superposed at the trigger gap to let the electrons in its spark channel also become initial electrons, is proposed and tested. The design idea is: as electrons in the spark channel of the trigger gap always exist after its breakdown, the injection time of pre-ionization should have a more negligible effect on reducing the switch jitter. The experiment results under pulses with a rise time of ∼100 ns support the above assumptions. When the operating voltage is from ∼300 to ∼800 kV and the self-triggering time is ∼45% to ∼75% of the peak time, the breakdown time delay jitter is less than 2 ns, and the breakdown voltage jitter is smaller than 1.25%. Under specific self-triggering time, the breakdown time delay jitter is less than 1.5 ns, and the breakdown voltage jitter is smaller than 0.8%.

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Section: Overall Breakdown Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low-jitter self-triggered spark-discharge pre-ionization switch: primary research on its breakdown characteristics and working mechanisms

Wang

Chen

2021

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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“…The electromagnetic pulse (EMP) simulator is widely applied to detect the anti-electromagnetic pulse capability of the electronic system under strong electromagnetic radiation environment [1]- [3]. In order to meet the requirements for the waveform with faster rise time and narrower full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the EMP pulse for some large EMP simulators under MV voltage, the one-stage or twostage pulse compression technique are usually adopted in the EMP simulators [4], [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Experimental Verification of the Peaking Capacitor’s Flashover Process in an EMP Simulator

et al. 2022

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The flashover process of the peaking capacitor in the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) simulator is studied based on theoretical analyses and experimental verification in this paper. There are deeper and denser ablation spots on the film surface near the inner core of the destroyed peaking capacitor, while the damage of the outer film is relatively slight, which indicates that the flashover current along the inner film is larger. Besides, the circuit simulation analyses show that the earlier the flashover occurs on the film of the peaking capacitor, the smaller the flashover current. The electric field on the non-conical surface of the capacitor is mainly occupied with normal component. Differently, for the conical surface, the electric field on the outer layer is dominated by the normal component and the parallel component is the main part on the inner layer. It is considered that the flashover on the conical surface originates from outer layers and develops gradually to the inner until the flashover penetrates through all layers. Furthermore, the images of flashover show that the flashover firstly occurs on the outermost layers and develops to the inner layers with the increase of the voltage. For such special structure of the peaking capacitor, the parallel component of electric field is more likely to facilitate the flashover under nanosecond pulse. These results may exhibit specific reference implication in the design of insulation for the peaking capacitor used in EMP simulator.

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“…Large pulsed power drivers for Z-pinch facility [1] and electromagnetic pulse simulator [2] need superposition of multi primary pulses with the rise time of several hundred nanoseconds to output high voltage or high current fast pulses. MV low-jitter pulsed gas switches are the crucial components for energy transfer and pulse sharpening [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A calculation model for breakdown time delay and jitter of gas switches under hundred-nanosecond pulses and its application in a self-triggered pre-ionized switch

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Chen³

2021

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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In this paper, a calculation model for the breakdown time delay and jitter of gas switches under hundred-nanosecond pulses is proposed and applied in a self-triggered pre-ionized switch. The effects of injection time of pre-ionization, pulse rise time, and the pre-ionization jitter are discussed and verified through experiments. It indicates that the pre-ionization should be injected when the electric field is high enough in the gap, injection after 80% peak-time can ensure its effectiveness. Then the statistical time delay jitter will be determined by the pre-ionization jitter, which is an intrinsic restriction of the self-triggered switch. However, when the changing rate of the pulsed electric field exceeds a certain value, the breakdown time delay jitter can be partly offset in the formative stage because the formative time delay has an exponential relationship with the electric field. Therefore, lower time jitter can be obtained under pulses with a shorter pulse rise time. In general, the results of the calculation model agree with the experimental results, and the experimental parameters which lead to a low jitter can also be used as a reference.

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A 6-MV Pulser to Drive Horizontally Polarized EMP Simulators

Cited by 37 publications

References 1 publication

A low-jitter self-triggered spark-discharge pre-ionization switch: primary research on its breakdown characteristics and working mechanisms

A low-jitter self-triggered spark-discharge pre-ionization switch: primary research on its breakdown characteristics and working mechanisms

Analysis and Experimental Verification of the Peaking Capacitor’s Flashover Process in an EMP Simulator

A calculation model for breakdown time delay and jitter of gas switches under hundred-nanosecond pulses and its application in a self-triggered pre-ionized switch

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