In this paper we use three different designs for induction voltage adders to be used in radiographic x-ray sources to illustrate the differences between possible IVA architechlres, and between their electrical characteristics as these affect the radiographic diodes that the IVAs drive. The architectures are chosen considering the spaces in which the IVAs must fit, and the electrical characteristics are determined by the approaches chosen for the IVA electrical subsystems. We describe the status of the various IVA technologies. The IVAs, (RITS, the AWE HRF and URSA) are large systems with similar output parameters in the 12-16 MV range.L OVER-ALL IVA DESCRIPTIONS The radiographic integrated test stand (RITS) [I] was designed to explore advanced IVA designs and their characteristics and limitations, and to drive diodes that attempt to provide the small x-ray source size (in the one to a few mm diameter range) that radiographers need. The output parameters of the twelve-cell RITS (Fig. 1) are 16 MV, 150 kA, 70 ns. A three-cell version (RITS-3) is in operation at Sandia; it has functioned in accordance with design, and many publications have described its operation and its use to study vacuum power flow [2,3]. Figure 2 shows the ten-cell IVA design formulated by PSD and AWE for AWE'S Hydrodynamic Radiographic Facility (HRF). Its output is 14 MV, 100 or 140 kA (two versions), 60 ns. The HRF IVA is still in the design phase, hut a detailed electrical model and well-defmed mechanical design allows its electrical characteristics to be understood very well. The Blumlein pfl is being prototqped. Figure 3 shows the design known as URSA, recently developed by PSD for LANL. Its parameters are 12 MV, 125 kA, 60 ns. It is an eight-cell IVA designed to fit tight space constraints in a building at a LANL explosive test site. No URSA hardware has yet been built.The electrical output requirements are very similar for these three WAS. All have negative output; impedances and pulse durations are very similar. RITS, HRF, and URSA are in a sequence that has slightly decreasing voltage and power. A negative output polarity makes electrons at the diode travel towards the object to be radiographed emitting more electrons towards the object.
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