A 4 by 10 series 60 GHz microstrip array antenna fed by butler matrix for 5G applications

Liu, Yuqiao; Bshara, Oday; Tekin, İbrahim; Dandekar, Kapil R.

doi:10.1109/wamicon.2018.8363899

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Both of the works have high complexity of design, cost, and loss. In [20], a 4 × 4 butler matrix is used to feed a 4 × 10 series fed antenna array operating at 5G 60 GHz frequency. The size of the butler matrix will be larger at 28 GHz, and it might not be suitable for the mobile phone application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 28 GHz 2 × 2 Antenna Array with 10 Beams Using Passive SPDT Switch Beamforming Network

Ghani

Najafabadi

Saleh

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In this paper, a dual-polarized four-port 2 × 2 series fed antenna array operating at 28 GHz with beam-switching capability is proposed. The antenna array uses a simple passive beamforming network to switch the main beam. The presented antenna design is suitable for 5G user equipment and high data rates applications by which it has a compact size with low cost and complexity. The size of the antenna is 37.2 × 37.2 mm2 including the ground plane, and it produces 10 different switched beams by using only two simple 3 dB/90∘ couplers which create the required amplitudes and phase excitations for the antenna elements. A one-port simple feeding mechanism including Peregrine PE42525 SPDT switch modules and a power divider is used to generate and measure the 10 switched beams. The antenna design is implemented on a two-layer 0.203 mm thick low-loss (tanδ = 0.0027) Rogers 4003C substrate, and it has a measured 10 dB impedance bandwidth of 4 GHz (14.3%, from 26 GHz to 30 GHz) for all ports. Measured peak isolation between any dual-polarized ports of the antenna is better than 30 dB. The antenna has an average measured realized gain of 8.9 dBi and around 10 dB side lobe level (SLL) for all beams. The antenna has 3-dB coverage of 80∘ to 90∘ in 2D space and it has a maximum of ±26∘ beam-steering angle. The antenna is designed and simulated using Ansys HFSS and fabricated using regular PCB processing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 28 GHz 2 × 2 Antenna Array with 10 Beams Using Passive SPDT Switch Beamforming Network

Ghani

Najafabadi

Saleh

et al. 2021

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Usually, an N × N beamforming network with N inputs and N outputs can only generate N beams. The work in [8][9][10] used a 4 × 4 butler matrix to generate four fixed beams. Other previous works [11,12] designed 3 × 3 beamformers that have enabled three direction beamforming with much simpler hardware.…”

Section: Introduction and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and fabrication of two‐port three‐beam switched beam antenna array for 60 GHz communication

Liu

Bshara

Tekin

et al. 2019

IET microw. antennas propagation

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Design and Fabrication of a Two-Port Three-Beam Switched Beam Antenna Array for 60 GHz Communication as a submission to IET Microwave Antennas and Propagation. This work presents a low-cost, beam-switchable 2 × 10 antenna array system operating at 60 GHz. This antenna system is constructed of two rows of Chebyshev tapered microstrip antenna arrays. Each row is a 10 element series-fed array which are fed by a 90 • coupler. The designed antenna array has only two input ports, but it is capable of generating three switchable beams. This antenna system can spatially scan 90 • with at least-5dB normalized gain using only one SPDT switch and a single transceiver. The maximum gain realized by the system was measured as 16.4 dBi and the bandwidth (BW) was more than 1 GHz. The features of the proposed simple and compact antenna design make it applicable to mmWave beamforming, channel sounding, and handsets for 5G communication. We believe that the novelty of our paper makes it a good contribution to IET Microwave Antennas and Propagation.

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5G beamforming techniques for the coverage of intended directions in modern wireless communication: in-depth review

Rao¹,

Pant²,

Malviya³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

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The growing need of the compact and portable antennas with high speed and low latency wireless communication is the present and future demand of the voice over Internet protocol, on-demand bandwidth, and multimedia applications. Fifth-generation (5G) covers certain low-frequency bands under 6 GHz spectrum, and most of the high-frequency bands under 60 GHz. 5G is the part of the millimeter wave spectrum (30–300 GHz) and is introduced to overcome the problem of spectrum shortage due to exponential enhancement of wireless applications in industry, medical, airborne, radar, satellite, and research fields. The International Telecommunication Union's objective of wireless communications promises to provide higher data rates up to 10 Gbps for 5G mobile users and connectivity to the artificial intelligence devices, along with high spectral efficiencies and enhanced coverage. The users for the 5G require around 5 and 50 Gbps of data rates for low and high mobility, respectively. Beamforming in 5G is the modern powerful technique for the coverage of the intended user/direction using the narrow beam width radiation patterns. A brief survey on 5G beamforming techniques, i.e. analog, digital, hybrid, switched, and adaptive etc. and its types, working algorithms, design of compact antennas, gain, and size/type of the substrates is carried out in this paper. The study of the hybrid coupler, branchline coupler, Wilkinson power divider, and Butler matrix in beamforming is required for 5G smart antennas. Different beam widths like ±15, ±35, ±45, and ±55° etc. are produced for the intended directions using a variety of beamforming techniques. From lower to higher frequency band beamforming applications with Roger's Duroid 4003/4350/5880, tectonic, and aluminum oxide dielectric substrates are discussed here. Various beamforming techniques with their merits, demerits, and applications are included in the paper for the knowledge extension of the beamforming antenna designers and research community.

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A 4 by 10 series 60 GHz microstrip array antenna fed by butler matrix for 5G applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

A 28 GHz 2 × 2 Antenna Array with 10 Beams Using Passive SPDT Switch Beamforming Network

A 28 GHz 2 × 2 Antenna Array with 10 Beams Using Passive SPDT Switch Beamforming Network

Design and fabrication of two‐port three‐beam switched beam antenna array for 60 GHz communication

5G beamforming techniques for the coverage of intended directions in modern wireless communication: in-depth review

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