Abstract:Design and Fabrication of a Two-Port Three-Beam Switched Beam Antenna Array for 60 GHz Communication as a submission to IET Microwave Antennas and Propagation. This work presents a low-cost, beam-switchable 2 × 10 antenna array system operating at 60 GHz. This antenna system is constructed of two rows of Chebyshev tapered microstrip antenna arrays. Each row is a 10 element series-fed array which are fed by a 90 • coupler. The designed antenna array has only two input ports, but it is capable of generating thre… Show more
“…The gain was 12.93 dBi and the mutual coupling reported was >15 dB at 60 GHz resonant frequency. The fabricated front view and -parameters are shown in Figs 38(a) and 38(b) [142]. Fig.…”
Section: G Antenna Designs In 60 Ghz Frequency Bandsmentioning
As the demand for high data rates is increasing day by day, fifth-generation (5G) becomes the leading-edge technology in wireless communications. The main objectives of the 5G communication system are to enhance the data rates (up to 20 Gbps) and capacity, ultra-low latency (1 ms), high reliability, great flexibility, and enhance device to device communication. The mentioned objectives lead to the hunting of the millimeter-wave frequency range which lies from 30 to 300 GHz for 5G wireless communications. To design such high capacity, low latency, and flexible systems, antenna design is one of the crucial parts. In this paper, a survey is presented on various antenna designs with their fabrication on different types of substrates such as Rogers RT/duroid 5880, Rogers RO4003C, Taconic TLY-5, etc., at different 5G frequency bands. The different configurations of antennas that covered antenna arrays, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas, phased antennas, and beamforming antennas are discussed in detail with their applications. The design of MIMO antennas in the 5G frequency band occupied less space so mutual coupling reduction techniques are required for maintaining the required gain, efficiency, and isolation. This paper is also focused on the mutual coupling reduction techniques and diversity in MIMO antennas.
“…The gain was 12.93 dBi and the mutual coupling reported was >15 dB at 60 GHz resonant frequency. The fabricated front view and -parameters are shown in Figs 38(a) and 38(b) [142]. Fig.…”
Section: G Antenna Designs In 60 Ghz Frequency Bandsmentioning
As the demand for high data rates is increasing day by day, fifth-generation (5G) becomes the leading-edge technology in wireless communications. The main objectives of the 5G communication system are to enhance the data rates (up to 20 Gbps) and capacity, ultra-low latency (1 ms), high reliability, great flexibility, and enhance device to device communication. The mentioned objectives lead to the hunting of the millimeter-wave frequency range which lies from 30 to 300 GHz for 5G wireless communications. To design such high capacity, low latency, and flexible systems, antenna design is one of the crucial parts. In this paper, a survey is presented on various antenna designs with their fabrication on different types of substrates such as Rogers RT/duroid 5880, Rogers RO4003C, Taconic TLY-5, etc., at different 5G frequency bands. The different configurations of antennas that covered antenna arrays, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas, phased antennas, and beamforming antennas are discussed in detail with their applications. The design of MIMO antennas in the 5G frequency band occupied less space so mutual coupling reduction techniques are required for maintaining the required gain, efficiency, and isolation. This paper is also focused on the mutual coupling reduction techniques and diversity in MIMO antennas.
“…At mmWave bands, microstrip printed circuit board (PCB)based antennas are one of the favoured solutions because of their planar geometry, low cost, ease of fabrication, and ease of integration with radiofrequency (RF) frontends. Several PCBbased mmWave antennas aiming for high gain and compact sizes have been presented in the literature [9]- [15] to list but a few. However, achieving wide impedance BW and high gain flatness over a wide frequency band is quite challenging with microstrip PCB antennas.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Series-fed microstrip patch arrays provide a compact geometry and simpler feed mechanism at mmWave bands, such as in [14]- [16], but their reported -10 dB reflection BW was lower than 62 GHz with large gain fluctuations in the band. A 60 GHz series-fed antenna array is reported in [15] using Chebyshev tapering distribution, however, its -10 dB impedance BW is limited to 4.2% (58.5 to 62 GHz) with more than 2 dB gain variation in the band. Note that a 3 dB loss (drop) in antenna gain at higher frequencies would mean a 50% loss of power.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, our proposed methodology involves two prime aspects, first to tune the antenna with multiple resonances within the band of interest, and second to optimize tapering of elements' width in a way to maintain wide impedance matching with low gain fluctuations over a wide BW. Contrary to the conventional uniform distribution [14], binomial distribution, or Chebyshev distribution [15] of seriesfed arrays, the proposed finite tapering method involves the modified and optimized tapering ratio of the first patch as compared to other 7 patch elements (wp) loaded to the first patch.…”
<p>In this article, a compact, wideband, and high-gain frequency beam-scanning planar microstrip series-fed antenna array based on PCB technology is presented at 60 GHz ISM band with enhanced performance. First, a wideband 8-element linear antenna array is designed that provides -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 41.52% (54–82.3 GHz) covering the entire 60 GHz millimeter-wave (mmWave) ISM band from 57–71 GHz. The linear array produces fan-beam patterns, and has a peak realized gain of 13.48 dBi at 64 GHz, with less than 1 dB gain variation within the entire 57–71 GHz. Then, the proposed linear array is employed as a sub-array in a hybrid parallel-series topology to design a compact and high-gain 64-element (8 × 8) planar array. The planar array covers entire 57–71 GHz band with the peak measured gain of 20.12 dBi at 64 GHz and less than 1 dB gain variation within 57–71 GHz, thereby providing 1 dB gain bandwidth of 14 GHz. The planar array provides narrow directional beams with an average half-power beamwidth of 9.7° and 11.78° in the elevation and azimuth planes respectively, for point-to-point multi-gigabit mmWave connectivity. The phase variation of the series-fed topology is employed to produce frequency beam-scanning range 40° in 57–71 GHz band, which is experimentally elucidated. The array prototypes are fabricated and measured. The measured and simulated results show reasonably good agreement, thus validating the performance of the proposed antenna array for 60 GHz mmWave ISM band applications. The proposed wideband antenna array is a suitable candidate for numerous emerging mmWave industrial wireless applications in context of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0, as well as 60 GHz FMCW radars. The array is compatible to work with various 60 GHz physical layer protocols such as IEEE 802.11ay, IEEE 802.11ad, IEEE 802.15.3c, WirelessHD, and ECMA-387 as well as other customized industrial protocols such as WirelessHP. </p>
“…It should be noted that, around 60 GHz band, the NLOS components undergo from great fluctuation, which makes transmission challenging in NLOS locations. The antennas dimensions at 60 GHz are in centimeter or sub-centimeter and had better to be directional in order to achieve high antenna gain to decrease inter-user interference and increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) [13], [14]. On the other hand, and as a consequence of the huge attenuation of NLOS paths, the 60-GHz frequency is sensitive to shadowing.…”
In this article, an effective millimetric wave channel estimation algorithm based on Twin Support Vector Regression (TSVR) is proposed. This algorithm exploits Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) in order to denoise samples in learning phase and then enhance fitting performance. An indoor complex conference room environment full of furniture and electronic equipments is adopted for experiments. Through the proposed approach, channel frequency responses are directly estimated using the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) reference symbol pattern by solving two quadratic programming problems in order to improve generalization aptitude and computational speed. We consider in this work a Channel Impulse Response (CIR) of 60 GHz multipath transmission system generated by the "Wireless InSite" ray tracer by Remcom. The numerical experiments confirm the performance of the proposed approach compared to other conventional algorithms for several configuration scenarios with and without mobility.
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