A +3-dBm-EIRP 240-GHz Circular-Polarized Radiator Utilizing a Sub-THz PA in 65-nm CMOS

Bandwidth-Enhanced Circularly Polarized mm-Wave Antenna With On-Chip Ground Plane

“…This paper presents an on-chip antenna with an on-chip ground plane and a sophisticated combined antennaand feeding structure to radiate a broadband elliptical polarization to approximate a circular polarization (CP). Antennas with an on-chip ground plane are usually resonant and thus inherently bandlimited, which also relates to the bandwidth of the generated CP [7]. Although backside-radiating chipantennas with high-permittivity lenses can easily achieve a wider bandwidth and higher efficiency [8], [9], the use of on-chip ground planes for frontside-radiating antennas eases the packaging-process since neither flip-chip bonding nor lens positioning is necessary [10].…”